Effect of Nitrogen Infiltration on Microstructure and Properties of 12Cr Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Yang Peng; Yang Chen; Shen Hongying; Feng Wei; Zhou Yang; Ren Yuanyuan; Wu Junjie

doi:10.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00117

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Effect of Nitrogen Infiltration on Microstructure and Properties of 12Cr Ferritic-Martensitic Steel

Application and Service | 更新时间：2026-03-03

- Effect of Nitrogen Infiltration on Microstructure and Properties of 12Cr Ferritic-Martensitic Steel
- Special Steel Vol. 47, Issue 2, Pages: 134-139(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.浙江久立特材科技股份有限公司研究院，湖州 313028
  2.中国原子能科学研究院，北京 102400
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00117
  CLC： TG142.1
- Received：25 April 2025，
  
  Published：30 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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杨鹏,杨晨,沈红英等.氮渗入对12Cr铁素体-马氏体钢微观组织及性能影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(02):134-139.

Yang Peng,Yang Chen,Shen Hongying,et al.Effect of Nitrogen Infiltration on Microstructure and Properties of 12Cr Ferritic-Martensitic Steel[J].Special Steel,2026,47(02):134-139.
杨鹏,杨晨,沈红英等.氮渗入对12Cr铁素体-马氏体钢微观组织及性能影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(02):134-139. DOI： 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00117.

Yang Peng,Yang Chen,Shen Hongying,et al.Effect of Nitrogen Infiltration on Microstructure and Properties of 12Cr Ferritic-Martensitic Steel[J].Special Steel,2026,47(02):134-139. DOI： 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00117.

摘要

采用电子背散射衍射（EBSD）和显微硬度（HV

0.025

）分析研究氮氢混合气氛热处理对12Cr铁素体-马氏体钢微观组织及性能影响。结果表明，热处理后因氮渗入导致管材表面组织发生变化，近表面处形成大量马氏体组织，并随氮扩散距离增加而减少。渗氮层会导致管材表面硬度增加，经显微硬度分析距表面20 μm处硬度值为368HV

0.025

，并在后续冷加工变形过程管材表面产生横向裂纹。基于热力学库TCFE11和动力学库MOBFE6，建立热处理时间和边

界处N向基体内扩散距离的热动力学模型，研究氮渗入量随距离变化关系，结果显示，随扩散距离增加氮含量逐渐下降，并在扩散距离达70 μm以后下降趋势变缓。通过研究氮渗入对12Cr型铁素体-马氏体钢微观组织和性能影响，制定了12Cr铁素体-马氏体钢退火工艺，即管材在氢气保护气氛下随炉升温至860 ℃保温1 h，冷却方式为风机冷却，并经生产验证可知，该热处理制度管材表面硬度约为210HV

0.025

，满足冷加工变形性能需求。

Abstract

The effects of nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere heat treatment on microstructure and properties of 12Cr ferritic-martensitic steel were studied by electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD） and microhardness （HV

0.025

）. The results showed that the surface structure of the tube changed due to nitrogen infiltration after heat treatment， and a large amount of martensite was formed near the surface， which decreased with the increased of nitrogen diffusion distance.The nitriding layer would increase the surface hardness of the pipe. The microhardness analysis showed that the hardness value at 20 μm from the surface was 368HV

0.025

， and the transverse cracks was generated on the surface of the tube in the subsequent cold working deformation process. Based on the thermodynamic library TCFE11 and the kinetic library MOBFE6， a thermodynamic model of heat treatment time and N-directional diffusion distance in the matrix at the boundary was established to study the relationship between nitrogen infiltration and diffusion distance. The results showed that the nitrogen content gradually decreased with the increase of diffusion distance， and the decreasing trend slowed down after the diffusion distance reached 70 μm. By studying the effect of nitrogen infiltration on the microstructure and properties of 12Cr ferritic-martensitic steel， an annealing process for 12Cr ferritic-martensitic steel was developed， the pipe was heated in a hydrogen atmosphere to 860 ℃， holding it for 1 hour， and cooling it using a fan. Production verification confirmed that the surface hardness of the treated pipes was approximately 210HV

0.025

， meeting the requirements for cold working deformation.

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