Dong Xiaolu,Qian Jin,Guo Xin,et al.Comparison on the Friction and Wear Performance of 18Cr2Ni2, 2Cr13 and H13 as Needle-Valve Body[J].Special Steel,2026,47(04):123-130.
Dong Xiaolu,Qian Jin,Guo Xin,et al.Comparison on the Friction and Wear Performance of 18Cr2Ni2, 2Cr13 and H13 as Needle-Valve Body[J].Special Steel,2026,47(04):123-130.DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250605.
Comparison on the Friction and Wear Performance of 18Cr2Ni2, 2Cr13 and H13 as Needle-Valve Body
In order to meet the requirement of new-generation diesel engine injectors with higher injection pressure and higher working temperature, it is urgent to search for an alternative material to 18Cr2Ni2 steel for the needle-valve body. The carburized 18Cr2Ni2 steel, 2Cr13 steel and H13 steel were chosen to perform the friction and wear test in diesel against M2 high-speed steel. The coefficient of friction(COF)and wear resistance of three steels were compared, the wear mechanism was analyzed, and the possibility of replacing 18Cr2Ni2 steel with 2Cr13 steel or H13 steel as a new material of needle-valve body was explored. The results show that the average COF of 18Cr2Ni2, 2Cr13 and H13 against M2 high-speed steel in diesel is 0.111, 0.122, and 0.132, respectively. The wear rate of 2Cr13 steel and H13 steel is only 67 percent and 55 percent of 18Cr2Ni2 steel, respectively. The wear rate of 18Cr2Ni2 steel is the highest, which is mainly ascribed to the severest abrasive wear because of low hardness. Due to steep hardness gradient of carburized layer, the fatigue wear is exacerbated to some extent. Among the three steels, H13 steel exhibits the best wear resistance. It benefits from the combination of high hardness, suitable carburized layer depth and hardness gradient. Compared with H13 steel, 2Cr13 steel has lower hardness of both carburized layer and core, resulting in severer abrasive wear. Meanwhile, the shallow carburized layer of 2Cr13 steel makes the large-scale spalling easy, further aggravating the fatigue wear. From the viewpoint of wear resistance, H13 steel is a possible alternative material to 18Cr2Ni2 steel for the needle-valve body.
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