1.智能采矿装备技术全国重点实验室,太原 030032
2.山西太重智能采矿装备技术有限公司,太原 030032
3.北京科技大学钢铁冶金新技术国家重点实验室,北京 100083
张国磊(1992—),男,博士,工程师; E-mail: zhangguolei327@163.com
收稿:2024-12-29,
修回:2025-02-06,
录用:2025-02-06,
纸质出版:2025-09-30
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张国磊,郭云飞,邱免等.精炼渣碱度对GCr15SiMn轴承钢钢液洁净度的影响[J].特殊钢,2025,46(05):32-38.
Zhang Guolei,Guo Yunfei,Qiu Mian,et al.Effect of Refining Slag Basicity on the Molten Steel Cleanliness of GCr15SiMn Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,2025,46(05):32-38.
张国磊,郭云飞,邱免等.精炼渣碱度对GCr15SiMn轴承钢钢液洁净度的影响[J].特殊钢,2025,46(05):32-38. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2024-00286.
Zhang Guolei,Guo Yunfei,Qiu Mian,et al.Effect of Refining Slag Basicity on the Molten Steel Cleanliness of GCr15SiMn Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,2025,46(05):32-38. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2024-00286.
通过实验室渣-钢平衡实验和热力学模型计算,研究不同精炼渣碱度对GCr15SiMn轴承钢洁净度的影响。采用三种不同精炼渣碱度(分别为6.32、5.28和4.27)与相同成分的钢试样分别进行了渣-钢平衡实验。实验结果显示,精炼渣碱度为4.27的实验组钢中
w
[O]和
w
[Mg]均为最低(分别为0.000 6%、0.000 9%),且夹杂物数量密度最小(0.31个/mm
2
),在钢液洁净度控制方面展现出优异效果。同时,还发现该实验组对应的炉渣中SiO
2
和FeO的变化量也为最小,表明降低初始精炼渣碱度有助于快速达到渣-钢冶金反应平衡,减少钢中夹杂物的生成。热力学模型计算进一步证实,降低精炼渣碱度可提高SiO
2
与Al
2
O
3
的活度对数比,抑制Al与炉渣中SiO
2
反应,降低SiO
2
向钢液传氧。最后,将实验结果应用于工厂实践。结果表明,适当降低精炼渣碱度能够显著提升GCr15SiMn轴承钢的钢液洁净度。这项研究为冶炼高洁净度轴承钢的工业实践提供了较为有力的理论支持和指导。
This article studies the effect of different refining slag basicity on the cleanliness of GCr15SiMn bearing steel by combining laboratory slag-steel equilibrium experiments and theoretical calculations. Slag-steel equilibrium experiments were conducted with three different refining slag basicity ratios (6.32,5.28 and 4.27 respectively) and steel samples with the identical chemical composition.The experimental results show that the experimental steel group with a basicity of 4.27 had the lowest oxygen and magnesium contents (0.000 6% and 0.000 9%, respectively), and the smallest number density of inclusions (0.31 per mm²), demonstrating excellent performance in controlling molten steel cleanliness. Additionally, the changes in SiO
2
and FeO in the corresponding slag for this experimental group were also the smallest, indicating that reducing the initial refining slag basicity helps to quickly achieve equilibrium in the slag-steel metallurgical reaction and reduce the formation of inclusions in the steel. Further calculations using the slag-steel equilibrium thermodynamic model confirmed that reducing the refining slag basicity can increase the logarithmic ratio of SiO
2
to Al
2
O
3
, inhibit the reaction between Al and SiO
2
in the slag, and reduce the transfer of oxygen from SiO
2
to the molten steel. Finally, the experim
ental results were applied to factory practice. The results showed that appropriately reducing the refining slag basicity can significantly improve the cleanliness of the GCr15SiMn molten steel. This research provides strong theoretical support and guidance for the industrial practice of smelting high-cleanliness bearing steel.
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