1.北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083
2.兴澄特种钢铁有限公司,江阴214434
张飞龙(2001—),男,硕士; E-mail : zhangfeilong@xs.ustb.edu.cn
刘威(1989—),男,博士,副教授; E-mail : liuwei@ustb.edu.cn
收稿:2025-03-25,
修回:2025-05-14,
录用:2025-05-14,
纸质出版:2025-11-30
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张飞龙,刘威,白云等.高碳铬轴承钢氧钛协同精炼工艺理论与实验[J].特殊钢,2025,46(06):104-111.
Zhang Feilong,Liu Wei,Bai Yun,et al.Theoretical and Experimental Research on Oxygen-titanium Cooperative Refining Process of High-carbon Chromium Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,2025,46(06):104-111.
张飞龙,刘威,白云等.高碳铬轴承钢氧钛协同精炼工艺理论与实验[J].特殊钢,2025,46(06):104-111. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00075.
Zhang Feilong,Liu Wei,Bai Yun,et al.Theoretical and Experimental Research on Oxygen-titanium Cooperative Refining Process of High-carbon Chromium Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,2025,46(06):104-111. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2025-00075.
本研究基于GCr15轴承钢提出了一种可行的脱氧控钛梯度再设计策略,旨在优化炉外精炼阶段脱氧控钛的协同机制。通过工业全流程取样明确了脱氧控钛关键环节,设计并开展了界面反应模拟计算与实验室热态实验,系统验证了脱氧控钛梯度再设计策略在GCr15轴承钢超低氧钛控制上的可行性。通过正交实验与FactSage相平衡计算,确定CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-MgO四元渣系(50.18%CaO-21.36%SiO₂-24.11%Al₂O₃-4.35%MgO)为最优脱钛渣系。热力学研究表明,钛脱除率与钢液氧活度呈正相关,LF阶段过深脱氧会抑制钛氧化迁移,降低RH阶段脱钛效率。实验表明,阶梯式控氧策略可突破脱氧与控
钛的对抗关系,实验室模拟RH条件反应,在
w
[O]35×10
-6
下可使
w
[Ti]从117×10
-6
降至3.8×10
-6
,脱钛率达96.7%。工业数据与实验室实验共同证明LF弱脱氧有利于促进渣金反应脱钛,提高精炼全流程脱钛效率,实现氧钛协同控制。该研究为超低氧钛轴承钢的工业化生产提供了理论依据与工艺优化方案,为解决钛夹杂物制约轴承疲劳寿命提供了方向。
This paper proposes a feasible deoxidati on and titanium control gradient redesign strategy based on GCr15 bearing steel, with the aim of optimising the synergistic mechanism of deoxidation and titanium control in the stage of furnace refining. The pivotal mechanisms of deoxidation and titanium regulation are elucidated through industrial sampling of the entire industrial process. The interface reaction simulation and laboratory thermal experiments are meticulously designed and conducted to systematically verify the viability of the deoxidation and titanium control gradient redesign strategy in the management of ultra-low oxygen and titanium control in GCr15 bearing steel. Orthogonal experiments and FactSage phase equilibrium calculations have determined the CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-MgO quaternary slag system (50.18%CaO-21.36%SiO₂-24.11%Al₂O₃-4.35%MgO) to be the optimal titanium removal slag system. Thermodynamic studies demonstrate a positive correlation between the rate of titanium removal and the oxygen activity of the molten steel. It is also evident that excessive deoxidation during the LF stage impedes titanium oxidative migration, thereby reducing the efficiency of titanium removal in the RH stage. Experimental evidence demonstrates that a stepped oxygen control strategy can overcome the antagonistic relationship between deoxidation and titanium control. Laboratory simulation of the RH condition reaction has been shown to reduce titanium content from 117×10
-6
to 3.8×10
-6
at an oxygen content of 35×10
-6
, with the titanium removal rate reaching 96.7%.The findings from both industrial data and laboratory experiments collectively demonstrate that LF weak deoxidation facilitates
the slag gold reaction titanium removal process, enhancing the efficiency of titanium removal within the refining process as a whole. This, in turn, enables the synergistic control of oxygen and titanium. This study provides a theoretical basis and process optimization scheme for the industrial production of ultra-low oxygen titanium-bearing steel, and provides a direction to solve the problem of titanium inclusions restricting the fatigue life of bearings.
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