1.大冶特殊钢有限公司, 黄石 435001
2.数字钢铁全国重点实验室,东北大学, 沈阳 110819
3.高品质特殊钢湖北省重点实验室,黄石 435001
李博鹏(1981—),男,硕士,高级工程师; E-mail:libopeng@citicsteel.com
收稿:2025-08-23,
修回:2025-09-23,
录用:2025-10-27,
纸质出版:2026-07-30
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李博鹏,刘林凤,柳萍等.热锻加热温度与时间对20CrMnTi渗碳晶粒度的影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(04):80-86.
Li Bopeng,Liu Linfeng,Liu Ping,et al.Effect of Hot-Forging Heating Temperature and Time on the Austenite Grain Size of Pseudo-Carburized 20CrMnTi[J].Special Steel,2026,47(04):80-86.
李博鹏,刘林凤,柳萍等.热锻加热温度与时间对20CrMnTi渗碳晶粒度的影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(04):80-86. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250525.
Li Bopeng,Liu Linfeng,Liu Ping,et al.Effect of Hot-Forging Heating Temperature and Time on the Austenite Grain Size of Pseudo-Carburized 20CrMnTi[J].Special Steel,2026,47(04):80-86. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250525.
通过研究20CrMnTi钢在不同锻造加热工艺下的锻后冷却相变与析出行为、经等温正火与伪渗碳后的原奥氏体晶粒形貌。结果表明,对于常规热轧棒料,在1220 ℃加热保温2、3、5、10 min的锻造加热工艺下,渗碳后均可获得正常原奥氏体晶粒形貌;采用“1 000 ℃×2 h均匀化处理、950 ℃形变后在700 ℃炉冷到室温”使热轧棒料中(Nb, Ti)C充分析出,在1 220 ℃锻造加热的时间需不低于5 min,经同样等温正火和渗碳后可避免原奥氏体混晶缺陷。不同成分实验钢表面钛减量化的设计下,通过锻造前加热温度和时间确保微合金碳氮化物的充分回溶,同样可以达到960 ℃伪渗碳不混晶。避免热轧棒料中微合金碳氮化物的过量析出,可以减轻下游锻造厂锻造加热时微合金碳氮化物回溶所需的温度和时间。
In this work, the phase transformation and precipitation behavior of 20CrMnTi steel after forging and the morphology of the prior austenite grain after isothermal normalizing and pseudo-carburizing under different forging heating processes were investigated. Results show that, for the conventional hot-rolled bars, the normal prior austenite grain morphology after carburizing can be obtained under the forging heating process of 1 220 ℃×2, 3, 5 and 10 min. Using the pretreatment, i.e., homogenized by 1 000 ℃×2 h, deformed at 950 ℃ and then furnace-cooled from 700 ℃ to room temperature, (Nb, Ti)C fully precipitated from the hot-rolled state. In order to avoid the abnormal growth of the prior austenite grain after the same isothermal normalizing and carburizing process, the forging heating time at 1 220 ℃ should be no less than 5 min.Under the design of titanium reduction on the surface of test steels with different compositions, ensuring the sufficient re-dissolution of microalloyed carbonitrides through the heating temperature and time before forging can also achieve no mixed grains in the 960 ℃ pseudo-carburizing process. Maximizing the avoidance of excessive precipitation of microalloyed carbonitrides in hot-rolled bars can reduce the temperature and time required for the re-dissolution of microalloyed carbonitrides during the forging heating process in downstream forging plants.
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