1.先进特殊钢全国重点实验室,北京 100081
2.钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究院,北京 100081
丰涵(1983—),男,博士,正高级工程师;E-mail:fenghan@nercast.com
收稿:2025-10-03,
录用:2025-10-11,
纸质出版:2025-11-30
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丰涵,包汉生,厉勇等.我国先进特殊钢材料技术与应用进展[J].特殊钢,2025,46(06):8-23.
Feng Han,Bao Hansheng,Li Yong,et al.China's Advanced Special Steels Material Technology and Application Progress[J].Special Steel,2025,46(06):8-23.
丰涵,包汉生,厉勇等.我国先进特殊钢材料技术与应用进展[J].特殊钢,2025,46(06):8-23. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250554.
Feng Han,Bao Hansheng,Li Yong,et al.China's Advanced Special Steels Material Technology and Application Progress[J].Special Steel,2025,46(06):8-23. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250554.
本文综述了我国先进特殊钢材料技术的研究进展及其在国家重大战略工程中的成功应用。近年来,我国特殊钢领域依托系统性创新,在基础理论研究、关键技术突破和产业化应用方面取得了全面进展。在材料体系方面,超高强度钢、耐热钢、不锈钢、合金结构钢、工模具钢、轴承钢等重点品类性能持续提升,实现了强度、韧性、耐腐蚀性、耐高温性和疲劳性能的协同优化。在制造工艺方面,突破了一批关键制备技术,包括超纯净冶炼、精确组织调控、增材制造等先进生产工艺。这些技术进步有力支撑了航空航天、能源电力、海洋工程、高端装备等国家重点领域的材料需求,实现了多个关键部件材料的自主可控和进口替代。面向未来,我国特殊钢材料正朝着更高性能、结构功能一体化、绿色低成本制造等方向持续发展,同时注重全生命周期的可持续发展。这一系列成就不仅体现了我国钢铁工业的技术进步,更为国家制造业转型升级和重大战略实施提供了坚实的材料基础支撑。
This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress in advanced special steel materials technology in China and its successful application in national major strategic projects. In recent years, through systematic innovation, China has made comprehensive advances in basic theoretical research, key technological breakthroughs, and industrial application in the field of special steels. In terms of material systems, key categories such as ultra-high strength steels, heat-resistant steels, stainless steels, alloy structural steels, tool and die steels, and bearing steels have continuously improved in performance, achieving synergistic optimization of strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, high-temperature resistance, and fatigue performance. In manufacturing processes, breakthroughs have been made in a series of key production technologies, including ultra-clean smelting, precise microstructure control, and additive manufacturing. These technological advancements have strongly supported the material needs of national key sectors such as aerospace, energy and power, marine engineering, and high-end equipment, achieving autonomous and controllable supply and import substitution for many critical component materials. Looking forward, China's special steel materials are continuously developing towards higher performance, structural-functional integration, and green, low-cost manufacturing, while also focusing on sustainability throughout the entire lifecycle. These achievements not only reflect the technological progress of China's iron and steel industry but also provide a solid material foundation for the transformation and upgrading of the national manufacturing industry.
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