1.辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,鞍山 114051
2.辽宁省绿色低碳与智能冶金重点实验室,鞍山 114051
唐超(2000—),男,硕士; E-mail :13952792635@163.com
何志军(1979—),男,博士,教授; E-mail :hzhj2002@126.com
收稿:2026-01-17,
修回:2026-03-12,
录用:2026-03-13,
网络首发:2026-05-09,
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唐超,黄育飞,乔西亚等.GCr15SiMn轴承钢中复合夹杂物CaO-SiO2-Al2O3对力学性能的影响[J].特殊钢,
Tang Chao,Huang Yufei,Qiao Xiya,et al.Impact of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Complex Inclusions on Mechanical Properties of GCr15SiMn Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,
GCr15SiMn轴承钢作为高端制造领域关键部件的核心材料,其服役性能易受非金属夹杂物力学性能影响。本研究以GCr15SiMn轴承钢中CaO-SiO
2
-Al
2
O
3
复合夹杂物作为研究对象,结合X射线衍射、拉曼光谱及纳米压痕技术,系统探究
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
)对夹杂物物相组成、硅酸盐网络结构及微观力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,夹杂物初始形成过程为非晶态玻璃夹杂物,夹杂物的结晶度随着
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
)升高而显著增强,物相由低
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
)下的非晶态主导逐渐转变为高
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
)下CaSiO
3
、CaAl
2
Si
2
O
8
及CaAl
2
O
4
等稳定结晶相。随着
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
)增加,硅酸盐网络发生明显解聚,中高聚合度单元占比下降,低聚合度单元占比上升,非桥氧相对含量持续增加;同时在力学性能方面,夹杂物硬度整体呈下降趋势,弹性模量持续升高至104.04 GPa,抗断裂性能参数H
3
/E
2
从0.071 GPa降至0.052 GPa,能量耗散比W
p
/W
e
从0.99增至1.2。低
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
)的夹杂物由于具有高聚合度致密网络结构,展现出更优的硬度与抗损伤能力,使得GCr15SiMn轴承钢也具有更优的硬度与抗损伤能力。
The service performance of GCr15SiMn bearing steel, a core material for critical components in high-end manufacturing, is highly sensitive to the mechanical properties of non-metallic inclusions. This study investigates CaO-SiO
2
-Al
2
O
3
composite inclusions in GCr15SiMn steel and systematically examines the effect of the
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
) on their phase composition, silicate network structure, and micromechanical properties using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. The results show that the inclusions initially form as amorphous glassy phases, and their crystallinity increases significantly with increasing
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
). The phase composition evolves from an amorphous-dominated structure at low
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
) to stable crystalline phases such as CaSiO
3
, CaAl
2
Si
2
O
8
, and CaAl
2
O
4
at high
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
). With increasing
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
), the silicate network undergoes pronounced depolymerization: the fraction of medium and high-polymerization units decreases, while that of low-polymerization units increases, accompanied by a continuous rise in non-bridging oxygen content. In terms of mechanical properties, the hardness of the inclusions generally decreases, whereas the elastic modulus increases steadily to 104.04 GPa. The fracture resistance parameter H
3
/E
2
decreases from 0.071 GPa to 0.052 GPa, and the energy dissipation ratio W
p
/W
e
increases from 0.99 to 1.2. Inclusions with
low
w
(CaO)/
w
(SiO
2
) possess a highly polymerized and dense network structure, endowing them with superior hardness and damage resistance, which contributes to enhanced overall hardness and damage tolerance of the GCr15SiMn bearing steel.
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