1.山西同航特钢有限公司,吕梁 030500
2.中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原 030051
3.中北大学特殊环境先进金属材料山西省重点实验室,太原 030051
郭彪彪(1998—),男,工程师;E-mail:879776609@qq.com
王睿(1988—),男,博士,副教授;E-mail:wangrui@nuc.edu.cn
收稿:2026-02-05,
修回:2026-02-27,
录用:2026-03-04,
网络首发:2026-05-12,
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郭彪彪,王睿,张宇等.淬火回火工艺对Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V马氏体不锈钢组织及性能的影响[J].特殊钢,
Guo Biaobiao,Wang Rui,Zhang Yu,et al.Effect of Quenching and Tempering Processes on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V Martensitic Stainless Steel[J].Special Steel,
马氏体不锈钢因具有高强度、高硬度而广泛应用于各个领域,然而,由于高碳、高合金含量导致其凝固过程易析出网状碳化物,严重影响材料的性能。针对热轧态的Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V马氏体不锈钢,采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)确定其相变温度后,考察了奥氏体化温度对试验钢组织及性能的作用规律,明确了适宜的淬火温度;在此基础上,深入研究了100 ~ 700 ℃回火温度对其组织及性能的影响。研究表明,Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V马氏体不锈钢奥氏体化开始转变温度为 834.3 ℃,结束转变温度为879.6 ℃。升温奥氏体化进程中,V元素介入导致碳化物发生溶解粗化抑制与尺寸细化,伴随残余奥氏体体积分数上升,致使材料硬度下降。在回火过程中,温度升高驱动马氏体分解析出,过饱和碳自固溶体脱溶并形成弥散碳化物。经200 ℃回火后,Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V钢可获得1 930 MPa的抗拉强度和3.8%的断后伸长率。
Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V martensitic stainless steel is widely used in various fields due to its high strength and hardness. However, its high carbon and high alloy content lead to the precipitation of networked carbides during solidification, which severely deteriorates the mechanical properties of the steel. In this paper, (Differential Scanning Calorimetry)DSC was used to determine the phase transformation temperatures of the hot-rolled Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V martensitic stainless steel. The effect of austenitizing temperature on the microstructure and properties of the test steel was investigated, and the appropriate quenching temperature was determined; on this basis, the influence of tempering temperature in the range of 100-700 ℃ on its microstructure and properties was studied in depth. Experimental evidence validates that the austenite start and finish for the transformation of ferrite to austenite of Fe-13Cr-0.7C-0.3V steel are 834.3 ℃and 879.6 ℃, respectively. In the course of austenitizing temperature elevation, the introduction of V inhibits the dissolution and coarsening of carbides and refines their particle size; meanwhile, the volume fraction of retained austenite increases, resulting in reduced hardness of the material. During tempering, the increase in temperature promotes the decomposition of martensite, and supersaturated carbon precipitates from the solid solution to form dispersed carbides. A tensile strength of 1 930 MPa and fracture elongation of 3.8% are achieved through tempering at 200 ℃.
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