高氮不锈轴承钢的微观组织与性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用OM、SEM、XRD和电化学方法对X60N高氮不锈轴承钢(/%:0.63C,15.00Cr,0.61Mo,0.190N)进行组织观察、室温和高温力学性能及耐蚀性能研究。结果表明,钢中降碳加氮可显著降低粗大共晶碳化物的数量及尺寸,X60N钢加氮后的原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸及碳化物明显细化。X60N钢经1050℃奥氏体化淬火后形成大量残余奥氏体,随后-73℃2 h冷处理及回火将其体积分数由31%降至约6%。由于残余奥氏体的相变强化及细小碳化物与碳氮化物析出强化,X60N钢的最终HRC硬度值由淬火的56.6提高到61.2(低温回火)和60.8(高温回火)。此外,凭借加氮后具有较高的初始硬度、均匀的组织及超细碳氮化物析出,X60N钢在高温硬度及耐蚀性能方面比440C钢(/%:1.00C,17.62Cr,0.55Mo,0.002N)更加优异。

关键词: 高氮不锈轴承钢X60N, 残余奥氏体, 高硬度, 高温硬度, 碳氮化物, 耐蚀性能

Abstract:

The microstructure observation, room and high temperature mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of high nitrogen stainless bearing steel X60N(/% ：0.63C, 15.00Cr,0.61 Mo,0.190N) have been studied by OM,SEM, XRD and electrochemistry. The results present that carbon reduction and nitrogen addition in steel could decrease the a- mount and size of coarse eutectic carbides, both of original austenite size grain and carbides are obviously refined by nitrogen addition in tlie X60N steel. Larger fraction of retained austenite is obtained in the X60N steel austenized at 1050 ℃,which can be decreased from 31% to 6% by cold treatment at -73 ℃ 2 h and subsequent tempering. Due to phase transformation strengthening of residual austenite into martensite and carbonitrides precipitation strengthening, the X60N steel ultimate HRC hardness value increases from 56. 6 to 61.2 after low temperature tempering and to 60. 8 after high temperature tempe¬ring. Additionally, the hot hardness and corrosion resistance of X60N steel are superior than that of 440Csteel (/% : 1.00C, 17. 62Cr,0. 55Mo,0. 002N) ,which is attributed to the high initial hardness,uniform structure and refining carboni¬trides precipitation by nitrogen addition into the steel.

Key words: High Nitrogen Stainless Bearing Steel X60N, Retained Austenite, High Hardness, Hot Hardness, Carbonitrides, Corrosion Resistance ,

徐海峰, 史智越, 俞峰, 张淑兰, 曹文全. 高氮不锈轴承钢的微观组织与性能研究[J]. 特殊钢, 2021, 42(1): 71-76.

Xu Haifeng , Shi Zhiyue, Yu Feng, Zhang Shulan, Cao Wenquan. Study on Microstructure and Properties of High Nitrogen Stainless Bearing Steel [J]. Special Steel, 2021, 42(1): 71-76.

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