关键词: 转炉, 重轨钢, 脱磷, 高氧势冶炼法, 饱和式冶炼法, 下枪即化渣, 洗渣冶炼法, 全液态冶炼法

Abstract: High carbon steel such as heavy rail steel and bearing steel are smelted by converter， the traditional low-high-low three-stage smelting mode is adopted for oxygen lance control. Because lime is difficult to melt in the early stage， splash intensifies in the middle stage and loses the opportunity of dephosphorization with high alkalinity in the later stage， the splash rate is high in the smelting and the qualified rate of carbon turndown at end-point is low. In order to solve this problem， a new high-low-low-high-low five-stage new smelting model is adopted by analyzing the smelting process. The results show that the splash rate is obviously reduced from 20%～30% to less than 15%， and the qualified rate of carbon turndown at end-point is greatly increased from 69.06% to 93.55%.

Key words: Converter, Heavy Rail Steel, Dephosphorization, High Oxygen Potential Smelting Method, Saturated Smelting Method, Melting Slag when Dropping Lance, Washing Slag Smelting Method, All-Liquid Smelting Method