1.重庆材料研究院有限公司功能材料元件所,重庆 400707
2.国家仪表功能材料工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400707
3.重庆大学机械与运载工程学院 重庆 400044
4.中国科学院大学重庆学院材料科学与 工程学院, 重庆 400714
5.高性能耐腐蚀合金重庆市重点实验室 重庆 400707
王建桥(1997-),男,硕士; E-mail:471706479@qq.com
何钦生(1991—),男,博士,高级工程师; E-mail:heqinsheng@cmri.cc
收稿:2025-12-04,
修回:2025-12-27,
录用:2025-12-29,
网络首发:2026-01-09,
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王建桥,何钦生,李方等.退火工艺对Haynes 282高温合金丝材组织及性能的影响[J].特殊钢,
Wang Jianqiao,He Qinsheng,Li Fang,et al.Effects of Annealing Process on the Microstructure and Properties of Haynes 282 Alloy Wire[J].Special Steel,
高温密封用丝材的退火工艺是产品设计中极为重要的参数。针对直径
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0.9 mm的基线密封用Haynes 282合金丝材坯料,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、室温拉伸、硬度测试研究了冷拉减面率和退火工艺对丝材强度、工艺性能和微观组织的影响;对不同冷拉减面率-退火后的平均晶粒尺寸进行了拟合分析。结果表明,不同工艺退火后,合金的晶粒
尺寸和硬度呈反比趋势,随着退火时温度升高或时间延长,合金晶粒尺寸增大,硬度下降;减面率增加导致加工硬化,冷拉减面率-抗拉强度呈线性关系,显微组织完全纤维化时(冷拉减面率69.14%),抗拉强度高达1 805 MPa;Haynes 282合金丝材在低减面率区间(10.80%~39.51%)和减面率为62.65%时,由于变形不均匀,退火后存在晶粒异常长大,性能下降的现象。综合实测结果和拟合分析,最终确定最佳退火工艺参数为1140 ℃保温45 min,且退火前的冷拔减面率控制在45.60%~55.56%,可以获得组织稳定,强度-塑性匹配性最佳的成品丝材。
The annealing process for wires used in high-temperature seals is a critical parameter in product design. This study investigated the effects of cold drawing reduction in area and annealing parameters on the strength, ductility, and microstructure of Haynes 282 alloy wire feedstock (0.9 mm diameter baseline seal wire) using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, room-temperature tensile testing, and hardness measurements. A fitting analysis was conducted on the average grain size after annealing for different cold drawing reduction rates. The results indicate an inverse relationship between grain size and hardness after annealing under different parameters: as the annealing temperature increased or holding time extended, the grain size increased while hardness decreased. An increase in the reduction in area led to work hardening, demonstrating a linear relationship between the cold drawing reduction in area and tensile strength. When a fully fibrous microstructure form (at 69.14% reduction), the tensile strength reach 1 805 MPa. The Haynes 282 alloy wire exhibits abnormal grain growth and a decline in properties after annealing within low area reduction ranges (10.80%-39.51%) and at an area reduction of 62.65%, due to non-uniform deformation. Based on comprehensive experimental results and fitting analysis, the optimal annealing parameters were determined to be 1140°C for 45 minutes. A cold drawing reduction in area between 45.60% and 55.56% prior to this annealing treatment was found to produce the final wire product with a stable microstructure and an optimal strength-ductility balance.
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