Optimization of Vacuum Arc Remelting Process for M54 Ultra-High Strength Steel Based on Simulation

Ning Jing; Wang Ao; Bi Zhengxu; Xu Guangpeng; Yong Xi; Su Jie; Cheng Xingwang

doi:10.20057/j.1003-8620.2023-00120

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Optimization of Vacuum Arc Remelting Process for M54 Ultra-High Strength Steel Based on Simulation

Smelting and Solidification | 更新时间：2026-01-21

- Optimization of Vacuum Arc Remelting Process for M54 Ultra-High Strength Steel Based on Simulation
- Special Steel Vol. 44, Issue 5, Pages: 60-68(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究院，北京100081
  2.大冶特殊钢有限公司特冶产品研究所，黄石 435001
  3.北京理工大学材料学院，北京 100081
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.20057/j.1003-8620.2023-00120
  CLC： TF132.3
- Received：14 June 2023，
  
  Published：01 October 2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
宁静,王敖,毕正绪等.基于仿真的M54超高强度钢真空自耗重熔工艺优化[J].特殊钢,2023,44(05):60-68.

Ning Jing,Wang Ao,Bi Zhengxu,et al.Optimization of Vacuum Arc Remelting Process for M54 Ultra-High Strength Steel Based on Simulation[J].Special Steel,2023,44(05):60-68.
宁静,王敖,毕正绪等.基于仿真的M54超高强度钢真空自耗重熔工艺优化[J].特殊钢,2023,44(05):60-68. DOI： 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2023-00120.

Ning Jing,Wang Ao,Bi Zhengxu,et al.Optimization of Vacuum Arc Remelting Process for M54 Ultra-High Strength Steel Based on Simulation[J].Special Steel,2023,44(05):60-68. DOI： 10.20057/j.1003-8620.2023-00120.

摘要

采用Meltflow-VAR软件，选取稳态熔速为3.6、3.9、4.2、4.5、4.8、5.1 kg/min六种工艺曲线，对M54超高强度钢

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2.03200006

2.87866688

660 mm大锭型真空自耗重熔工艺进行仿真。计算结果表明，随熔速增加，熔池深度和体积增加，熔速4.8 kg/min及以上熔池与结晶器完全接触，冷却效果得到改善。一次枝晶间距随熔速增大单调上升，局部凝固时间和二次枝晶间距在3.6～4.8 kg/min范围随熔速增加下降、在4.8～5.1 kg/min无明显变化。选取4.2 kg/min熔速开展工业化试制验证，熔池形状与计算结果吻合良好。钢锭宏观偏析程度较低，但微观偏析（枝晶偏析）的程度可达30%以上。微观偏析在有二次枝晶结构存在的位置与二次枝晶间距正相关，在无二次枝晶结构的位置与一次枝晶间距正相关。综合考虑熔速对熔池形状、枝晶间距、元素偏析的影响，建议稳态熔速优化为4.8 kg/min。

Abstract

Meltflow-VAR software was employed to simulate the vacuum arc remelting process of

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https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=47561567&type=

2.03200006

2.87866688

660 mm large-scale ingot of M54 ultra-high strength steel， six processing curves with steady-state melting rates of 3.6， 3.9， 4.2， 4.5， 4.8， and 5.1 kg/min were selected for the study. Calculation results showed that as the melting rate increased， the depth and volume of the molten pool increased. The molten pool was completely in contact with the crucible at the melting rate of 4.8 kg/min or above， resulting improved cooling effect. The primary dendrite spacing monotonically increased with the increase of melting rate， while the local solidification time and secondary dendrite spacing decreased with the increase of melting rate in the range of 3.6-4.8 kg/min， whereas no significant change in the range of 4.8-5.1 kg/min. To verify the simulation results， a melting rate of 4.2 kg/min was chosen for industrial trial production. The shape of the molten pool was in good agreement with the calculated results. The degree of macro-segregation in steel ingots was relatively low， while the degree of micro-segregation （dendrite segregation） could reach over 30%. Micro-segregation was positively correlated with the spacing between secondary dendrites in the presence of secondary dendrite structures， while positively correlated with the spacing between primary dendrites in the absence of secondary dendrite structures. Taking into account the influence of melting rate on the shape of the molten pool， dendrite spacing and element segregation， it is recommended to optimize the steady-state melting rate to 4.8 kg/min.

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