最新刊期
卷 47 ， 期 1 ， 2026
-
Research Progress on Performance Regulation and Preparation of Soft Magnetic Ferrite Stainless Steel
摘要：As automatic control technology deeply expands into complex environments such as gas-liquid-oil mixed media and alternating temperature-pressure conditions， soft magnetic ferritic stainless steel has become a key material due to its excellent soft magnetic properties and corrosion resistance. However， the optimization of its multi-objective performance presents significant contradictions， restricting its high-end applications. This paper， based on the typical characteristics of the 430 series stainless steel， reveals the antagonistic effect of chromium content on magnetic properties and corrosion resistance. It proposes to achieve synergistic regulation of composition and microstructure by controlling ultra-low interstitial atoms （C+N）≤100×10-6， adding stabilizing elements （Ti/Nb）， and optimizing heat treatment processes. Secondly， it analyzes the mechanisms by which solidification quality and grain boundary engineering enhance fatigue strength and anti-wrinkling property. It further focuses on the Metal Injection Molding （MIM） process， clarifying its core advantages in the preparation of high-precision complex parts—tolerance ±5 μm， magnetic property deviation <5%. It also demonstrates the feasibility of its large-scale application through cases such as Indo-MIM post-heat treatment technology. Finally， it points out that future research needs to construct a quantitative model of composition-microstructure-performance to break through the contradictions in multi-objective performance. Through the deep integration of MIM technology and simulation technology， it aims to promote the industrial breakthrough of soft magnetic ferritic stainless steel in new energy vehicles， micro-sensors， and other fields.关键词：Soft Magnetic Stainless Steel;Ferritic;Performance Regulation： Metal Injection Molding27|4|0更新时间：2026-01-16
Overview
- 摘要：The effect of cooling rate and N content on the precipitation and growth of AlN inclusions in Fe-23Mn-2Al-0.08V steel was investgated. The morphology of AlN was mainly hexagonal and needle-like shapes. With the cooling rate decreasing from 36.66 K/s to 0.71 K/s， the equivalent diameters of AlN increased from 7.56 μm to 24.20 μm， and the total amount decreased from 203.01 mm-2 to 60.00 mm-2. The relationship between cooling rate and number density was：
- 摘要：During industrial-scale smelting processes， the use of recycled materials/returns to reduce costs and enhance resource utilization efficiency， along with elemental residues from furnace lining materials， can introduce residual impurity elements into the alloy. This study investigates the influence of varying residual Nb contents generated during the smelting process on the mechanical properties of GH4080A alloy at both room temperature and 750 ℃.The results demonstrate that as the residual Nb content increases， Nb segregates at grain boundaries and clusters into coarse Nb-contain carbide bands. These clustered Nb-contain carbides exhibit no significant impact on room-temperature tensile properties but severely degrade the alloy's high-temperature stress rupture properties. When the residual w［Nb］ content reaches 0.05%， the stress rupture life at 750 ℃ drops below 100 hours （as per specification requirement ≥100 hours）.Consequently， w［Nb］ content must be strictly controlled below 0.05% during GH4080A alloy smelting. This research elucidates the underlying mechanism through which residual Nb deteriorates the high-temperature stress rupture performance of GH4080A alloy and offers practical guidance for elemental control in its industrial-scale smelting.关键词：Residual Nb Content;GH4080A Alloy;Nb-contain Carbide Bands;Instantaneous Performance;High Temperature Durability23|6|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：In order to solve the problem of poor toughness and brittle fracture of 65Mn high carbon cutting tool steel， tensile and impact tests， optical microscope， scanning electron microscope and other technical means were used to compare and analyze the influence of w［Nb］0.03% addition on the microstructure and properties of 65Mn cutting tool steel during hot rolling and heat treatment.The results showed that the diameter of pearlite clusters in 65MnNb hot-rolled plates was 21 μm smaller than that in 65Mn hot-rolled plates， and the interlayer spacing of pearlite was 0.14 μm smaller. When 250 ℃-500 ℃tempering was carried out after 820 ℃ quenching， with the increased of tempering temperature， the strength and hardness of two kinds of component tool steel samples gradually decreased， and the elongation and impact toughness gradually increased； Under the same heat treatment process conditions， the strength and impact absorption of 65MnNb cutting tool steels were higher， while there was no obvious difference in hardness and elongation.The optimum heat treatment temperature of 65MnNb cutting tool steel was about 350 ℃ to 400 ℃， and the structure was tempered sorbite. The yield strength was 1 753 MPa， the tensile strength was 1 820 MPa， the hardness was 52.3HRC， and the impact energy was 22.1 J. However the optimum tempering temperature 65Mn steel sample was about 450 ℃， the yield strength was 1 067 MPa， the tensile strength was 1 263 MPa， the hardness was 46.6HRC， and the impact energy was 18.7 J. Its tempering and embrittlement temperature was about 400 ℃.关键词：Cutting Tool Steel;Impact Toughness;Hardness;Tempered Martensite;Strength13|10|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：In order to make the nitriding wok with ordinary iron base material have antibacterial performance and improve people's food hygiene and safety. The steel developed in this paper achieved antibacterial performance by adding Cu on the basis of low carbon composition design. According to the influence of hot rolling coiling temperature， cold rolling annealing temperature and cold rolling annealing time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of steel plate， the hot rolling and annealing process parameters of cold rolling low carbon steel for antibacterial wok were determined by using optical microscope， scanning electron microscope， chamber electric furnace and tensile testing machine. The test results show that the hot rolled plate with coiling temperature of 640 ℃ has irregular grain shape and uneven size， and the cold rolled product has high strength and cannot meet the requirements of wok stamping. The mechanical properties of the steel sheet can meet the requirements of the wok stamping performance under the conditions of hot rolling coiling temperature greater than 680 ℃ and cold rolling annealing temperature greater than 710 ℃ and annealing time greater than 3 hours. The formability of the steel sheet is better with the increase of coiling temperature and annealing temperature and the extension of annealing time. Considering product quality and economy， the most suitable process parameters are coiling temperature 710 ℃， annealing temperature 730 ℃， annealing time 6 h； After adopting the most suitable process parameters for trial production of the prototype and nitriding the pot， the antibacterial rate of E.coli test can reach 100%， demonstrating excellent antibacterial performance.关键词：Antibacterial;Wok;Batch Annealing;Low Carbon Steel;ε-Cu7|2|0更新时间：2026-01-16
Product Research and Development
- 摘要：Mg as the trace element is an important factor affecting the hot workability and high-temperature service performance of superalloys. The effect of MgO content in the slag for electroslag remelting on Mg content of a superalloy was investigated. Oxidation-reduction reaction took place at the interface between Al element in the molten superalloy and MgO in the molten slag at high temperatures， and dissolved Mg formed and then diffused into the molten alloy. The Mg content was evenly distributed in the case of low content of MgO in the slag. With the increasing of MgO content in the slag， the Mg content in the superalloy increased. However， the Mg content in different positions of the electroslag remelted ingot had a significant difference. Field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer was used to characterize the inclusions and carbides. Thermodynamic analysis was conducted to explain the increasing of Mg content based on slag-metal reaction theory.关键词：Superalloy;Electroslag Remelting;Mg Content;Slag-metal Reaction15|3|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：GH5188 is a solid solution strengthened cobalt-based superalloy， which is widely used in hot components such as front vortex board of aeroengines and guide blades of gas turbines. The use of VIM+ESR duplex melting process is beneficial for improving its high-temperature mechanical properties. I The microstructure evolution and solidification segregation characteristics from the edge to the center of GH5188 alloy ingot produced by VIM+ESR duplex melting process have been investigated through thermodynamic calculations， differential thermal analysis， and SEM-EDS detection so as to provide theoretical guidance for the subsequent homogenization treatment design of ingot. The results showed that the ingot consisted of fine grain region and coarse columnar grain region， with the fine grain region located within a range of （0-2.9±0.76） mm from the surface. The grain size and dendrite arm spacing first significantly increased and then slightly increased from the edge to center of the ingot. Primary M6C， （M6C+M23C6） carbides， and ternary eutectic （M6C+M23C6+γ） were precipitated in the interdendritic region and along the grain boundaries. Moreover， clusters like secondary carbides M23C6 were precipitated around the primary carbides. From the edge to center of the ingot， the average size and number of primary carbides gradually increase. Cr and W are positive segregation elements， while Co and Ni are negative segregation elements. The solidification segregation degree increases obviously from the edge to center of the ingot. During the solidification process， Cr and W were continuously accumulated in the liquid， which led to the precipitation of primary carbides and ternary eutectic in the remaining liquids. The solidification and precipitation sequence of GH5188 alloy is assumed as follows： γ dendrites， primary M6C， primary （M6C+M23C6）， ternary eutectic （M6C+M23C6+γ） and secondary M23C6.关键词：GH5188 Alloy;VIM+ESR Dual Melting;As-cast Microstructure;Solidification Segregation;Carbide9|6|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：Ladle slag carryover is one of the main sources of large-sized inclusions in steel. In continuous casting production，the control of the residual molten steel in the ladle is commonly used to avoid vortex slag entrainment during ladle pouring. This paper conducts industrial trials of casting with different amounts of residual steel in the actual steel production process， analyzes the characteristic evolution of large particle inclusions in steel， and investigates the ladle slag carryover under different residual steel conditions， providing references for the rational control of ladle residual steel during the casting process of target steel grades. For test steel grade xx， the production route is “converter→LF refining→RH vacuum treatment→Continuous casting→Rolling”. The main type of inclusions in the tested steel is Al₂O₃ inclusions， and their Al₂O₃ content shows an overall upward trend during the smelting process and stabilizes in the tundish stage. As the residual steel amount decreases， the T.O and T.N content in steel will increase， and the changes in the area fraction and number density of inclusions are consistent with this change regulation.The larger the area fraction and number density of inclusions in the cast slab and rolled products， the more likely slag entrainment occurs with reduced residual steel. The difference in inclusion distribution is small when the residual steel is 7.4 t and 9.8 t. It is recommended to leave about 7.4 t of steel during the casting process. Inclusions in the surface layer of the cast slab are mainly distributed at 2 mm-5 mm， with relatively high area fraction and number density.关键词：Clean Steel;Inclusions;Ladle;Residual Steel Amount;Casting;Cast Slab13|3|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：The effects of different properties of mold slag on the surface quality of continuous casting ingots （390 mm × 510 mm） during the continuous casting of 38CrMoAl steel with an Al content of 0.7% to 1.1% were experimentally studied. The results show that the surface quality of 38CrMoAl steel is closely related to the physical and chemical properties of the mold slag. Specifically， mold slag with low basicity， low melting point， and low viscosity having a basicity of 0.38， a melting point of 1 008 ℃， and a viscosity of 0.45 Pa·s can significantly improve the stability of 38CrMoAl steel during the casting process and enhance the surface quality of the ingot. The maximum number of pits on the surface of the continuous casting ingot was reduced from 6.45 per piece to 0.3 per piece， and the maximum number of continuous casting furnaces was increased from 5 to 12. At the same time， the consumption of this mold slag during the casting process was the highest， at 0.45 kg/t； the composition change was the smallest after casting， with the Al2O3 content in the slag at 17.8% and the SiO2 content at 29.0%.关键词：High Aluminum Steel;Continuous Casting;Mold Protection Powder;Surface Quality15|4|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：The consumable electrode electroslag remelting using the withdrawal ingot method has the advantages of high production efficiency and high yield rate of ingot. However， due to the relative movement between the mold and the ingot， relatively strong shearing forces are generated， resulting in steel leakage and slag leakage accidents frequently occurring during the ingot withdrawal process because of the insufficient strength of the slag crust. In this study， based on the conventional slag system for electroslag remelting， different contents of SiO2 were added to the slag to determine the viscosity and melting point of the slag. The effects of different contents of SiO2 on the precipitated phase and high temperature structure of the slag were analyzed. The precipitated phase and high temperature structure of 1% w［SiO2］ slag under different shear forces were measured. The results show that with the increase of w［SiO2］ the melting point of the slag increases， while the viscosity and its transition temperature decrease， and the viscoelastic activation energy of the slag increases from 26.4 kJ/mol to 148.56 kJ/mol and reaches a maximum of 153.8 kJ/mol at 3% w［SiO2］. The high temperature crystallization phases are mainly CaF2 and Mg2AlO4， and the silicon-containing phase begins to precipitate when the w［SiO2］ is 5 %. The ［Si-O］ tetrahedral structure improves the stability of the network structure of the slag， and the ［Si-O］ structure gradually changes from Q0 and Q3 to Q0， Q1 and Q2. Applying a certain shear force to the slag will promote the precipitation of silicon-containing phases， but with the increase of shear force， the silicon-containing phases disappear and the types of crystallization phases remain unchanged. At the same time， the increase of shear force provides a positive effect on the transformation of ［Si-O］ structure to Q3 in the slag. Q0 and Q1 are transformed into Q2 and Q3 with more complex structure， which makes the polymerization degree of the slag stable and has stable metallurgical characteristics.关键词：Drawing Type Electroslag Remelting;SiO2;Viscosity;Shear Force;Precipitated Phase2|2|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：By comparing the water simulation of the breathable bricks， under the same pressure， and it is presented as intermittent outgassing， and the bubbles are large in volume but small in quantity .The diffuse breathable brick has little disturbance to the ladle， and the air outlet is a dense air outlet， and the number of small bubbles is large；And the flow value of slit type breathable brick is greater than that of diffusion type， and the disturbance of the molten steel in the ladle is greater. By comparing the production test of breathable brick， it is found that the average residual length of the diffusion breathable brick used in the same ladle is significantly higher than that of the slit breathable brick. The desulfurization rate of dispersion type breathable bricks 75.94% is lower than that of slit type breathable bricks 85.19%. By comprehensive comparing the test data of Aspex， flaw detection and macrostructure of GCr 15 varieties produced under the same process route， the results show that when using the diffusion breathable tile and slit breathable tile， the average number of inclusions is 218.2， number of oxide inclusions that size≤5 μm 7.8，Aspex inclusion index 5.6， qualified rate of automatic flaw detection 99.67%， defect-free rate of water immersion ultrasonic C-scan inspection 96.67%，average grade of B thin 0.534. In summary ， it is the best solution.关键词：Ladle;Breathable Brick;Slit Type;Dispersion Type;Aspex Analysis14|3|0更新时间：2026-01-16
Smelting and Solidification
- 摘要：The quenching temperature 1 060 ℃， 1 020 ℃ and 980 ℃， and the tempering temperature 640 ℃ and 540 ℃ were selected for the heat treatment process of 1Cr17Ni2 stainless steel， and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the sample were tested The results show that the free δ -Fe ferrite is formed after quenching at 1 060 ℃ and 1 020 ℃， the δ -Fe phase destroys the integrity of the martensite-strip cluster， resulting in the fracture of the impact sample， which shows the failure of tensile and impact performance . 980 ℃ quenching + 640 ℃ tempering can obtain fine sausteritic microsturcture with standard performance and both strength and toughness. The fracture of 540 ℃ tempering impact sample is quasi-cleavage fracture， which reflects the obvious embritleness of the second type of tempering， so the tempering between 480 ℃ and 540 ℃ should be avoided.关键词：Dual-phase Stainless Steel;Heat-treatment， δ-ferrite;Impact Roughness;Intergranular Fracture13|3|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：The hot compression tests of Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel containing Ni were conducted on Gleeble-3800 in the deformation temperature range from 900 ℃ to 1 200 ℃ with the strain rate range from 0.01 s-1 to 10 s-1. The flow curves and microstructure evolution were analyzed. The constitutive equation and prediction model were established， and the hot processing maps were constructed. The results revealed that all flow curves exhibited dynamic recrystallization feature， the flow stress gradually decreased with decreasing strain rate or increasing deformation temperature. The Arrhenius constitutive equation at the peak stress had good predictability， and the value of activation energy for hot deformation was 375 kJ/mol.The average absolute relative error of BP neural network prediction model （2.54%） was significantly lower than that of Arrhenius prediction model （11.2%）， therefore， the former could better predict high-temperature flow behavior. The area fraction of dynamic recrystallization increased with increasing deforamtion temperature， while it first decreased and then increased with increasing strain rate. The high degree of dynamic recrystallization at high strain rate （10 s-1） could be attributed to the comprehensive effect of adiabatic temperature rise and high stored energy. The area fraction of instability region in the hot processing map decreased with increasing strain. The optimal hot working range was： 963 ℃-1 200 ℃， 0.04 s-1-3.48 s-1.关键词：Lightweight Steel;Hot Deformation;Prediction Model;Microstructure Evolution;Hot Processing Map5|1|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：This study systematically investigates the microstructure， texture， mechanical properties， and magnetic properties of 0.20 mm thick non-oriented silicon steel for new energy vehicles under different annealing temperatures. It is observed that recrystallization had finished at 780 ℃. In the initial stage of recrystallization，λ fiber texture mainly formed in the cold-rolled shear bands， and some ｛114｝<841> and ｛112｝<110>， and ｛111｝<112> oriented grains are also formed there.The α* fiber texture of grains with orientation of ｛114｝<841>，｛112｝<241> and ｛100｝<120> is mainly formed in the other zones.When annealing at 900 ℃ and above，As the annealing temperature rises， the proportion of ｛111｝<112> components diminishes gradually， while the proportion of ｛100｝<001> components grows slowly. This augmentation in annealing temperature will foster the formation of λ fiber texture and impede the growth of γ fiber texture. Grain size increases with the rise in annealing temperature， yet the high frequency iron loss P1.0/400 initially declines before eventually rising to its lowest value.in the range of 920 ℃-960 ℃， and the grain size range is 108 μm-138 μm， which is also the best grain size range.As the annealing temperature rises， the strength diminishes gradually and remains nearly invariable in the 920 ℃-960 ℃ range.关键词：Non-oriented Electrical Steel;Thin Gauge;Microstructure;Texture;Magnetic Property4|2|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：This study investigated a 0.37C-0.6Mn-0.82Cr steel fabricated through a processing route consisting of homogenization heat treatment， cold rolling， and intercritical heat treatment. The effects of different heat treatment regimes on the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of 0.37C-0.6Mn-0.82Cr steel were systematically analyzed. The results indicated that annealing treatment involving furnace cooling from 840 ℃ to 800 ℃ followed by air cooling produced a ferrite-martensite dual-phase steel with superior mechanical properties， a hardness of 298.7 HV， ultimate tensile strength of 928 MPa， yield strength of 858 MPa， and elongation of 17.8%. The enhanced performance was attributed to the refinement of martensitic structure during cold rolling. Subsequent intercritical annealing at 840 ℃-800 ℃ induced static recovery and recrystallization of the refined martensite. Quantitative microstructure characterization revealed that fine grain size is around 1 μ m， and the coarse grain size is between 4 μm-5 μm， forming a unique microstructure where coarse grains were fully encapsulated by fine-grained regions. During plastic deformation， strain partitioning between coarse and fine grains facilitated synergistic strengthening mechanisms. This strain accommodation behavior effectively delayed crack initiation at grain boundaries while maintaining high work hardening capacity， thereby improving the overall mechanical performance.关键词：Ferrite-martensite Dual-phase Steel;Heterogeneous Materials;Mechanical Properties;Static Response and Recrystallization4|3|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：The effect of different Al contents on the phase transformation behavior， microstructure and mechanical properties of corrosion resistant steel were studied by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software， scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing machine. And the corrosion resistance of experimental steels with different Al contents was studied and analyzed through electrochemical corrosion experiment and immersion corrosion test.The results show that when the Al content in w［Al］ increases from 0.5% to 1%， the range of ferrite and austenite two-phase zone in experimental steel decreases， the austenite formation temperature drops from 1 450 ℃to1 430 ℃， and the precipitation temperature of cementite increase from 760 ℃ to 770 ℃. The increase of Al content has a significant effect on the ferrite phase， but has little effect on the precipitation phase in steel.The increase of Al content is conducive to the formation of ferrite phase in the structure. Although the increase of Al content will increase the tendency of grain coarsening in the steel and slightly reduce the strength， it can improve the plasticity and low temperature impact toughness of the steel， especially for improving the impact toughness of the steel. The increase of Al content not only contributes to the positive shift of corrosion potential， decreases the corrosion current density of steel，but also reduces the corrosion rate of test steel.With the increase of Al content， the density of test steel and the proportion of protective α-FeOOH in the rust layer are improved， which hinders the further penetration of corrosive medium （Cl-） and reduces the content of corrosive medium in the rust layer， thus improving the Marine atmospheric corrosion resistance of the steel.关键词：Content of Al;Phase Transition Behavior;Microstructure5|1|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：The grain growth behavior of nickel-based superalloys is of great significance for the formulation of forging and heat treatment processes. The grain growth behavior of GH3230 alloy was studied in the temperature range of 1 150 ℃-1 240 ℃ for 1-10 hours. The effects of critical process parameters such as heating temperature and holding time， on the grain size were analyzed， and a grain growth model of GH3230 alloy was established. The results show that the grain growth of GH3230 alloy is more sensitive to the heating temperature. Grain growth accelerates rapidly with increasing temperature. When the heating temperature is higher than 1 220 ℃， abnormal grain growth occurs. The precipitation of carbides on the grain boundaries pinns the grain growth. After holding at 1 150 ℃ for 3 hours and at 1 180 ℃-1 240 ℃ for 1 hour， the original carbides on the grain boundaries gradually dissolve， and the grain growth rate increases. A grain growth model of GH3230 alloy in the heating range of 1 150 ℃-1 220 ℃ and holding time not exceeding 10 hours was established as D=D0+e12.66t0.206exp（-133 602/RT）， and the predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental values. The results can provide certain references for actual production and numerical simulation studies.关键词：Nickel-based Superalloy;GH3230;Carbide;Pinning;Grain Growth Model4|2|0更新时间：2026-01-16
- 摘要：This study systematically reveals the dynamic evolution of the microstructure of Fe10Cr10Co soft magnetic alloy during thermoplastic deformation and thoroughly elucidates the multi-scale coupling mechanism between its microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties as well as soft magnetic properties.The experiments were conducted using a 3T electro-hydraulic hammer to complete the forging ratio distribution and post-forging cooling rate control tests， and the samples were characterized at multiple scales by optical microscope， universal tensile machine and room temperature DC magnetic performance detector. The results indicate that when the once heating forging ratio is 4.0 and the twice heating forging ratio is 2.56， the sample subjected to sand cooling exhibits the highest uniformity in microstructure after heat treatment， with an average grain size of 18.19 μm， and demonstrates the highest yield strength of 345.0 MPa and elongation of 44.0%. For the sample with once heating forging ratio of 3.16 and twice heating forging ratio of 3.24， the air-cooled sample shows the poorest uniformity in microstructure after heat treatment， with an average grain size of 13.66 μm， but achieves the highest tensile strength of 527.3 MPa. Under the conditions of once heating forging ratio of 3.16 and twice heating forging ratio of 3.24， the sand-cooled sample exhibits relatively uniform microstructure， with a larger average grain size of 33.01 μm， and demonstrates the highest magnetic induction， permeability of 5.288 mH/m， and the lowest coercivity of 107.5 A/m. In summary， the Fe10Cr10Co soft magnetic alloy， through the application of a forging process involving a large deformation in the first pass and a small deformation in the second pass， combined with slow cooling after forging， effectively releases residual stress and reduces dislocation density during subsequent heat treatment， resulting in a microstructure with the highest uniformity and smaller grain size. This optimization of the microstructure achieves a synergistic improvement in mechanical and soft magnetic properties.关键词：Fe10Cr10Co Soft Magnetic Alloy;Forging Ratio;Cooling Rate;Mechanical Properties;Magnetic Properties1|1|0更新时间：2026-01-16
Forming and Phase Transition
- 摘要：The structure of the ladle directly affects the efficiency， quality， and economic aspects of the steelmaking process. To further optimize the ladle structure design， the current study deeply explored the effectiveness of different machine learning algorithms in predicting the remaining molten steel volume at the onset of the process of ladle slag carry-over based on water modeling data. Predictive analysis was conducted to explorer the impact of bottom structural variables of the ladle on the remaining molten steel volume during the process of ladle slag carry-over.Firstly， the SMOGN technique was employed to preprocess the water modeling data through oversampling， aiming to balance the data distribution and construct a feature set for residual steel volume， which included both training and testing datasets. Based on this foundation， the predictive capabilities of five machine learning models， namely LASSO， SVR， ElasticNet， MLP， and XGBoost， for the residual steel volume were tested. The evaluation was carried out through three metrics： the coefficient of determination， mean squared error， and mean absolute error. The results revealed that the XGBoost model outperformed the others in predictive accuracy， establishing it as the preferred model for forecasting the residual steel volume. Finally， the XGBoost model was utilized to analyze the impact of bottom structural variables of the ladle model on the residual steel volume. These variables included the diameter of nozzle， the height of nozzle， the height of steps， and the distance between nozzle and steps. The results indicated that when the nozzle diameter exceeded
Application and Service
- Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 鄂ICP备2022000839号
京公网安备11010802024621 - It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
- Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.
- Total Visits：35684
0