China has entered a new stage of economic development while facing the “double carbon” development strategy， the development of full waste steel electric arc furnace steelmaking is China's iron and steel industry to carry out structural adjustment of steel production process is an inevitable choice， For a long time the production efficiency of electric arc steelmakin is lower than that of converter steelmaking is a key constraint on the development of its key factors， exploring the key factors affecting the production efficiency of electric arc furnace steelmaking is conducive to the healthy development of electric arc steelmaking production；By establishing the calculation formula of the production efficiency of electric arc furnace， analyzing the key factors affecting the production efficiency of electric arc furnace steel production， and then confirming with the actual production of statistical data corroboration， the result show that， China's modern electric arc furnace steel production efficiency has made great progress. Through equipment large-scale and efficient smelting technology， it can make the electric arc furnace steelmaking production efficiency with the same tonnage converter steelmaking production efficiency （200 t/h）. The decisive factor affecting the production efficiency of electric arc furnace steelmaking is the electric arc furnace steelmaking process of energy supply power. In the impetus of material conversion， only improve the electric arc furnace steelmaking process total energy supply can not directly improve its productivity， only to improve the electric arc furnace in the process of energy supply power， can input energy into improve the impetus of material conversion.