最新刊期
卷 33 ， 期 4 ， 2012
- 摘要：A model of fluidized bed gas-solid reaction with simultaneous considering fluid, mass-transfer and chemical reaction of gas-solid two phases is established by using CFD fluent software and based on Eulerian multiphase fluid model. The coupling between gas-solid fluid, heat transfer, mass transfer and chemical reaction is realized by UDF (User Define Function) program. The study purposes are (a) the CO2gas reacts with free calcium oxide in slag to form calcium carbonate led to strengthening the stability of slag and extending its application field; (b) the molten slag can be used as an adsorbent o£ CO2to fix CO2. The numerical simulation of reaction process of fluid bed carbonation reactor with diameter 0. 24 m and height 1 m has been carried out to get the distribution of solid phase volume percent, velocity vector and concentration field in reactor, and the changing rule of chemical reaction rate. It is obtained that the optimum reaction conditions are gas rate 0. 2 m/s, radius of particle 90 〜150 μm, CO2- water vapor = 8： 2 temperature 650 ~ 720 ℃, and fluid condition with gas-solid particle complete contact.关键词：钢渣处理;碳酸化反应;游离氧化钙;数值模拟2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The optimum gas permeable brick position in bottom of 120 t ladle being about to production at steel works has been studied. The established geometric similarity ratio 1: 3 water model for the ladle is simulated and tested in laboratory to get the optimum permeable brick position and gas blowing mode. Test results show that the gas permeable brick is nearer to ladle wall, the mixing effect is better but the ladle wall erosion is more serious. With same position condition the mixing effect by using double gas permeable bricks scheme is better than that by using single gas permeable brick scheme and the scheme of double gas permeable brick is with larger anger (290°) is better than that with small anger. The optimum gas blowing scheme in this test is bottom double gas mode with permeable brick at the distance from center of ladle bottom- 0. 60R (radius) and angle 120°.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on the process of 50 t EAF-LF-VD for gear steel 28MnCr5 (/% : 0. 28C, 0. 09Si, 0. 70Mn, 0. 015P, 0. 027S, 0. 95Cr) , the effect of proportion of each ingredient in slag on melting point of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO refining slag series has been studied by using thermodynamic calculation software FactSage, to get optimum proportion of ingredients in order to control the inclusions in low melting point region and remove out. Results show that as (CaO) / ( SiO2) W 1, the percentage of low melting point region to whole phase diagram area is larger and as CaO content in slag ( CaO) is 30%, the percentage of low melting point region to whole phase diagram area is maximum i. e. 53. 2% ； the optimum ingredient of quaternary refining slag series is (/%) 30CaO-30SiO2-25Al2O3-15MgO.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In accordance with the status of high reject rate in nondestructive test of third strand bloom casting with a 35-t tundish for five-strand 280 mm x 350 mm blooms, the effect of different flow control device on flow characteristics of liquid in tundish has been studied by numerical simulation and water model simulation with geometrical similarity ratio 1: 3 to optimize the tundish flow field. Results show that the structure of flow control device of original tundish is not reasonable, each strand is out of step especially the short circuit flow in No3 strand is obvious; after using 2# baffle with two diversion holes at wall middle + round B type turbulence controller with eaves, each strand is in step and the short circuit flow in No3 strand is eliminated its average residence time is prolonged by 242. 1 s, and in tundish the plug zone flow volume increases by 5. 7%, the dead zone volume decreases by 1. 1 %, the impact zone flow is steady and smooth.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 3D thermo-mechanical simulation on two-high cross piercing elongating process of steel 9Cr-l Mo φ485 mm x 73 mm large size heavy wall pipe has been carried out by using commercial element software MSC. SuperForm. The damage field of rolling piece during elongation process and the tendency of inner surface crack of steel pipe are analyzed by using Oyane criterion for ductile fracture. It is found that there is a high dangerous crack band in internal surface of steel pipe adjoining contact zone with plug. The influence of roll entrance cone angle on damage field of rolling piece is studied. Results show that as the roll entrance cone angle increases from 3. 0° to 5. 0° the maximum damage characteristic value decreases from 0. 520 7 to 0. 354 4 and the tendency of inner surface crack reduces.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effects of size, type, amount and morphology of inclusions in steel on magnetic properties of non-orien- ted silicon steel is reviewed. The main kinds of inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel are smaller size MnS, AIN, and CuxS etc. The inclusions of dimension 0. 1 ~ 1. 0μm have larger influence on magnetic properties of steel and with increasing the number of inclusions in steel, their negative influence on magnetic properties of silicon steel increases. Almost all of the minor inclusions in non-oriented silicon steel could be removed by calcium and RE treatment to form larger size RE and calcium oxysulphide inclusions. In commercial production a first priority is to improve the size of inclusions, avoid formation of the inclusions with size range of 0. 1 ~ 1. 0μm and based on metallurgy equipment, refining method and casting process to select high purity or harmless process flow sheet for controlling the inclusions in steel.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The Influence of liquid residence time in ladle (<135 min ~ >240 min), tapping temperature (<1 640 ℃ - > 1 650 ℃), temperature of liquid in ladle at casting station (<1 540 ℃～ >1 580 ℃), Mn content in steel (< 0. 5% - >1. 3%) for steelmaking the low carbon steels such as LZ20Mn2, 20MnV6 and 20MnTiB on free-opening rate of a 70-t ladle is statistically analyzed. It is obtained with prolonging residence time, increasing tapping temperature and temperature of liquid in ladle at casting station, and increasing Mn content in steel the ladle free-opening rate may decrease from 98. 8% to 76. 8%. With improving bake of packing sand for ladle sliding gate, in time clearing residual steel and slag in ladle, cleaning up nozzle, and decreasing average residence time of liquid in ladle to 160 min from original 180 min, the ladle free-opening rate increases to 97. 3% from original 88. 4%.关键词：70t钢包;含Mn低C钢, 自开率;钢包水口引流砂2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：An analysis on various factors to influence 80 t ladle sliding nozzle free-opening rate is carried out. Combined with the situation of steelmaking plant at Xiang Steel, by adopting measures including increasing quality of initiate packing sand and improving its adding method, improving base brick and upper nozzle structure, and decreasing waiting time of liquid for casting, the ladle free-opening rate at steelmaking plant increases to 96. 2% from original 84.3%.关键词：80t钢包, 滑动水口, 引流砂;自动引流率2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Service life of guide wheel is one of key factors to influence the size precision of rolled products. With practice of φ70 mm 20CrMnTiH gear steel product by 550 mill, according to test of properties of 4 steel grade- T8, Crl6Ni3, Crl2MoV and Cr23Ni5Mo for guide wheel and effect of different heat treatment processes on service life of 670 mm guide wheel, the steel Crl2MoV (/%: 1. 45 - 1. 55C, ≤0.60Si, ≤ 0.60Mn, 12. 00 ~ 13.00Cr, 0. 90 ~ 1.10Mo, 0.90 ~ 1.10V) with fining carbide heat treatment and final cold treatment is selected as guide wheel material, the service life of guide wheel made of steel Crl2MoV is up to 2 000 t, it is available to ensure size precision and decrease reject.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Generally, the basicity ( CaO/SiO2) of molten slag of BOF is 2. 8 ~ 4. 2, of which the heat capacity is 2. 5 kJ/ (kg, ℃), the temperature of slag as entering slag pot is about 1 540 ℃, and the molten slag has nice conductivity, therefore it is available to use molten slag's heat energy and calcium oxide. As 8 t molten slag of 120 t BOF is charged in 70 t electric arc furnace for arc furnace steelmaking, the average tap to tap time, electric consumption, lime adding amount and oxygen consumption decrease respectively from 52 min, 400 kWh/t, 3. 6 t and 28 m3/t to 47 min, 355 kWh/t, 1. 0 t and 25 m3/t, it is available to save the resource and decrease the slag discharged.5|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The steel 25CrMoTi (/%: 0.23 〜0.29C, 0. 15 〜0. 35Si, 0. 50 ~0.70Mn, 0.015 ~QO35Ti, ≤0. 015P, ≤0. 003S, 0. 50 -0. 70Cr, 0. 25 〜0. 35Mo, 0. 010 -0. 025Alt) for petroleum casing tube (φ139. 7 mm x 7. 72 mm) has been developed by 100 t DC arc furnace- LF-VD-5 strand 260 mm x 340 mm bloom casting-rolling process. With adding 50% hot metal in arc furnace steelmaking to control the deleterious elements content in steel (As + Sn + Pb + Sb + Bi ≤0. 035%), refining with high basicity slag- (CaO)/ (SiO2) = 4 to control [S] ≤0. 002%, after VD process feeding Ti wire and carrying out calcium treatment to control Ca/S = 1.5 ~2. 0, whole process shield casting and using M-EMS and F-EMS, the rating of tube bloom central porosity is 1.0, the rating of general porosity and the rating of central segregation are 0. 5, and the rating of each kind of inclusions is W0. 5. After stress corrosion test in saturated H2S solution for 720 h the tube surface hasn't crack that meets the requirement for service of C90-1 grade petroleum casing tube.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The in-line measurement on no-load magnetic field of mold electromagnetic stirrer for 350 mm x 470 mm bloom casting has been carried out to get distribution rule of magnetic induction in mold. Based on magnetic field measured results the electromagnetic force at solidifying front and liquid rotational velocity are calculated and the effect of electromagnetic stirring parameters on liquid rotational velocity is analyzed to define the range of stirring current and frequency. The results of commercial casting of steel 42CrMo show that as mold stirring current is 150 A with frequency 2. 5 Hz, the maximum deviation of carbon content at cross section of bloom is ±0. 01%, the macro-segregation band of bloom is basically e- laminated and the internal quality of bloom improves obviously.5|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The raw material of stainless steel 316L (/%: ≤0.03C, ≤ l.0Si, ≤2.0Mn, ≤0.035P, ≤0.030S, 16~18Cr, 12~15Ni,2 ~3Mo) meeting the requirement for production of 00.018 mm ultra-fine wire is successfully produced by 11 3-phases electroslag furnace with lining-bottom argon stirring refining-casting 090 mm bar-electroslag remelting 100kg ingot process flow sheet. During 3 pure iron consumable electrodes arc melting process with slagging material 25CaF2-25Al2O3-50CaO, using AlSiMn alloy and SiCa powder to deoxidize and bottom argon stirring, the required chemical composition of steel is obtained by gradually adding chromium iron, nickel plate and silicon iron, and the liquid is casting to φ90 mm bar then remelting to 100 kg ingot by a φ160 mm electroslag remelting furnace. Results show that the total oxygen content in electro-slag remelted ingot is (15 ~20) x 10-6the average inclusions content is 16. 2 inclusions/mm2, and the 95% inclusions size is less than 5 μm, the inclusion size larger than 10 μm isn' t found that meet the requirement for production of ultra-fine stainless steel wire.4|1|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The test steel 305B (/%: 0. 048C, 3. 32Si, 1. 34Mn, 19. 46Cr, 13. 32Ni, 0. 46Nb), steel 304 (/%: 0.050C, 0. 30Si, 0.90Mn, 18. 05Cr, 9. 23Ni) and steel 310S (/%: 0. 051C, 0.44Si, 1. 17Mn, 25. 36Cr, 21.32Ni) are melted by a 200 kg vacuum induction furnace. The high-temperature mechanical properties at 500 ~ 1 000 °C of test steels, and quenched structure of steel 305B are studied by using Gleeble-3800 thermo-simulation machine, optical microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the equilibrium phase diagram with 15% -25% Cr for steel 305B is obtained by using Thermo-calc software. Results show that at 500 ~ 1 000 °C the yield strength of steel 305 B (261 MPa at 500℃，45 MPa at 1 000 ℃) is high than that of steel 304 and steel 310S, and the tensile strength of steel 305 B ( 536 MPa at 500 °C , 75 MPa at 1 000 ℃ ) is close to that of steel 310S and far more higher than that of steel 304, the NbC precipitate phase in steel 305 B leads to it has higher strength at elevated temperature ； the reduction of area of steel 305 B at elevated temperature is higher than that of steel 310S and lower than that of steel 304.4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to the deformation characteristics of microalloying non-quenched and non-tempered steel during hot rolling process, the austenite dynamic recrystallization process of Nb-Ti-V non-quenched and non-tempered steel C38N2 (/%: 0. 40C, 0. 52Si, 1. 42Mn, 0. 010P, 0. 047S, 0. 028V, 0. 025Ti, 0. 022Nb) in single pass compression with strain rate 0. 1 ~ 10 s~' and deformation 60% at 950 ~ 1 150 Y is studied by using Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation machine. The dynamic recrystallization state diagram and dynamic recrystallization grain size model for steel C38N2 are obtained by calculation. Results show that for steel C38N2 the higher deformation temperature and lower strain rate, the lower cumulative energy Qdto occur dynamic recrystallization and the more easily to carry out the dynamic recrystallization. The activation energy for Qddynamic recrystallization of steel C38N2 is 294. 905 kJ/mol.4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of Creq/Nieq and cooling rate (1.5 ~ 1 000 Y/s) on structure morphology and distribution of as- cast solidification structure of austenite stainless steel 304 (/% : 0. 053C, 0. 55Si, 1. 50Mn, 0. 030P, 0. 002S, 17. 02Cr, 8. 01 Ni, 0. 50Cu, 0. 08Mo) is studied by induction furnace melting the steel and direct-casting on a water-cooling copper mold to get a sample with 7 mm thickness and 25 mm diameter. Results show that with increasing cooling rate to 75 ~ 90 ℃/s, the primary solidification mode of steel transferred from FA (ferrite-austenite) mode to AF (austenite-ferrite) mode, the primary phase is modified from dendritic ferrite to dendritic austenite, as the cooling rate is - 1 000℃/s, the blocky ferrite structure is observed, and the dendritic austenite is replaced by cellular austenite.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The mechanism of effect of isothermal temperature on banded structure is delved by calculation of ferrite incubation period and nucleation rate, and the evolution of banded structure in sample of gear steel SAE8822H (/% : 0. 22C, 0. 20Si, 0. 98Mn, 0. 60Cr, 0. 46Ni, 0. 36Mo) heated in tube furnace at 930 ℃ for 10 min and isothermal-treated at 703 -579 ℃ for 1 h, air cooling, or isothermal-treated at 710 ~ 570℃ for 2 h, furnace cooling is observed. Results show that the difference of incubation period and difference of nucleation rate of ferrite between solute-depleted zone and solute-richened zone are the causes to produce banded structure ； with decreasing the isothermal temperature, the difference of incubation period between solute-depleted and solute-richened zone reduces and the relative nucleation rate also decreases, lead to relieving the banded structure of steel； for steel SAE8822H, isothermal treatment at 570 ℃ is available to e- laminate banded structure, in this case the relative nucleation rate is 6.3%.关键词：齿轮钢;带状组织;等温温度;孕育期时间差;相对形核率2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flow sheet for 4mm sheet of steel 14MnVTiRE [/%: 0. 10 ~ 0. 15C, 0. 30 ~ 0. 60Si, 1. 20 〜1. 60Mn, 0. 03 ~0. 09V, 0. 07 -0. 16Ti, 0. 10 -0. 15RE (adding amount)] is 180 t top and bottom combined blowing converter-180 mm x 1 260 mm casting slab-continuous rolling-coiling process. During casting the φ2. 5 mm RE wire is feeding in mold. The effect of 950℃ normalizing and 950℃ T normalizing + 690℃ 1 ~ 5 h tempering on structure and mechanical properties of sheet is tested and studied. Results show that structure of normalized steel is ferrite + fine pearlite, in normalized + 690 ℃ 1 ~ 3 h tempered steel the spheroidizing of lamella carbide in pearlite occurs and the spheroidized carbide is distributed at grain boundary and inner of grain, with further increasing tempering time the carbide presents particle and triangle shape and all carbide is distributed at grain boundary led to large decrease of material strength. The optimum heat treatment process for steel 14MnVTiRE sheet is 950 °C normalizing + 690 Y 1 ~2 h tempering, its yield strength is 510 〜610 MPa, tensile strength 630 〜680 MPa and elongation 22% ~ 25%.关键词：14MnVTiRE钢;薄板;正火+回火;碳化物;力学性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of solid solution treatment at 950 〜1 200 T for 60 min water cooling on structure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 12 mm plate of super duplex stainless steel S32750 (/%: 0. 02C, 0. 49Si, 1. 03Mn, 0. 026S, 0. 001P, 25. 01Cr, 7. 03Ni, 3. 80Mo, 0. 29N) has been studied. Results show that with raising solution temperature the ferrite phase in steel increases and the austenite phase decreases ； heating at 950 °C a large number of a-phase precipitates in ferrite led to the deterioration of performance ； as solid solution treated at 1 050 ~ 1 100 °C the volume of ferrite phase and austenite phase in steel respectively accounts for 50%, and the steel S32750 has better comprehensive mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.关键词：超级双相不锈钢S32750;固溶温度;组织;力学性能;耐蚀性2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The phase diagram of a new aluminum-bearing Fe-Cr alloy (/%: 1. 60C, 26. OOCr, 5. 50Al, 0. 50Ni0. 12Y) is calculated by using thermodynamics software Thermal calc and combined with X-ray diffraction analysis the phase composition of the new alloy is defined. On this basis, the valence electron structure, covalent bond energy and lattice electrons of conventional high chromium cast iron and aluminum-bearing Fe-Cr alloys are analyzed by using solid and molecule empirical electron theory (EET) to reveal the mechanism for impact toughness decreasing of aluminum-bearing Fe-Cr alloy at electronic level. Results show that with adding 5. 50% Al, the aluminum-bearing structure units occur in Fe- Cr alloy, the strongest bond covalent electron pairs in the units decrease from 0. 486 40 to 0. 450 31, second strong bond covalent electron pairs also decrease from 0. 199 83 to 0. 118 88, while the number of lattice electrons decreases led to the impact toughness lowing. The EET predicting results for impact toughness of Fe-Cr alloy containing 5. 50% Al nicely coincide with the test measured results.关键词：铝;Fe-Cr合金;冲击韧性;经验电子理论2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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