Effect of Smelting Process on the Microstructure and Properties of 23MnNiMoCr54 Mining Round Chain Links

Wang Zihao; Mao Weiang; Li Jiale; Yan Jiansheng; Chen Hongliang; Zhang Chaolei

doi:10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250520

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Effect of Smelting Process on the Microstructure and Properties of 23MnNiMoCr54 Mining Round Chain Links

Forming and Phase Transition | 更新时间：2026-03-03

- Effect of Smelting Process on the Microstructure and Properties of 23MnNiMoCr54 Mining Round Chain Links
- Special Steel Vol. 47, Issue 2, Pages: 115-121(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.东北大学冶金学院，沈阳 110819
  2.建龙北满特殊钢有限责任公司，齐齐哈尔 161041
  3.北京科技大学碳中和研究院，北京100083
  4.长春东北输送链条制造有限公司，长春 130117
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250520
  CLC： TG142.1
- Received：20 August 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-14，
  
  Accepted：15 September 2025，
  
  Published：30 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王子豪,毛威昂,李佳乐等.冶炼工艺对23MnNiMoCr54矿用圆链环组织及性能的影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(02):115-121.

Wang Zihao,Mao Weiang,Li Jiale,et al.Effect of Smelting Process on the Microstructure and Properties of 23MnNiMoCr54 Mining Round Chain Links[J].Special Steel,2026,47(02):115-121.
王子豪,毛威昂,李佳乐等.冶炼工艺对23MnNiMoCr54矿用圆链环组织及性能的影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(02):115-121. DOI： 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250520.

Wang Zihao,Mao Weiang,Li Jiale,et al.Effect of Smelting Process on the Microstructure and Properties of 23MnNiMoCr54 Mining Round Chain Links[J].Special Steel,2026,47(02):115-121. DOI： 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250520.

摘要

通过洛氏硬度测试、EBSD、XRD及TEM表征等方法，揭示了国产与德国23MnNiMoCr54链环硬度与显微组织差异。结果表明，德国链环因全废钢-电炉冶炼工艺导致残余元素Cu、N含量更高，其平均硬度达41.32HRC，且极差仅0.85HRC，平均硬度最高且硬度波动最小。高N含量导致析出相的密度增加，通过Zener钉扎效应细化原始奥氏体晶粒尺寸至13.66 μm，并提升高角度晶界比例至38.3%，二者协同阻碍位错运动，导致德国链环硬度最高。中频淬火过程中，工件表层温度超过居里温度后表层涡流密度增加，奥氏体化温度更高，导致德国与国产链环均呈现出边部原始奥氏体晶粒粗化，位错密度提高的现象。本研究为国产矿用链环冶炼工艺和热处理技术升级提供了理论依据，对推动矿山装备关键零部件国产替代进程有重要意义。

Abstract

Through Rockwell hardness testing， EBSD， XRD， TEM characterization and other methods， the differences in hardness and microstructure between German and domestic 23MnNiMoCr54 chain link steels were revealed. The results show that the German chain link has higher residual elements Cu and N due to the all-scrap-electric furnace smelting process， with an average hardness of 41.32HRC and a range of only 0.85HRC， showing the highest average hardness and the smallest hardness fluctuation.The high N content leads to an increase in the density of precipitated phases， which refines the original austenite grains to 13.66 μm through the Zener pinning effect and increases the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries to 38.3%. These factors synergistically hinder the movement of dislocations， resulting in the highest hardness of the German chain link.During the medium-frequency quenching process， after the surface temperature of the workpiece exceeds the Curie temperature， the surface eddy current density increases and the austenitization temperature becomes higher， leading to the coarsening of the original austenite grains and an increase in dislocation density at the edges of both German and domestic chain links. This study provides a theoretical basis for the upgrading of smelting processes and heat treatment technologies for domestic mining chain links， and it is of great significance to promote the process of domestic substitution of key parts and components of mining equipment.

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