Based on geometry similar principle

the effect of shell angle (15° and 8°) of 24 t tundish for single strand slab casting on liquid flow condition has been studied by established 1:2 water model

and the water simulation results is verified by numerical simulation. Results show that the shell angle of prototype tundish (15°) is too big

of that the rate of dead zone volume in casting area is 33. 9%

the average residence time is short and the distribution of liquid temperature is uneven； and with using optimized shell angle of tundish ( 8°) the rate of dead zone volume in casting area reduces by 56. 3%

the average residence time increases by 33. 5% and the distribution of liquid temperature is more even. 10 heats commercial pilot production results show that after optimization with shell angle 8° the liquid temperature vibration extent decreases obviously and the occurrence frequency of inclusions in steel markedly reduces.