1.江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司,江阴 214429
2.中北大学材料科学与工程学院,太原 030051
3.特殊环境先进金属材料山西省重点实验室,太原 030051
4.钢铁研究总院有限公司特殊钢研究院,北京 100081
尹青(1984—),男,博士; E-mail : yinqing@citicsteel.com
闫志杰(1974—),男,博士生导师,教授; E-mail : zjyan@nuc.edu.cn
收稿:2025-12-17,
修回:2025-12-29,
录用:2025-12-31,
纸质出版:2026-03-30
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尹青,刘佳俊,史智越等.高能电脉冲处理对GCr15轴承钢组织和性能的影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(02):129-133.
Yin Qing,Liu Jiajun,Shi Zhiyue,et al.Effect of High-Energy Electrical Pulse Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of GCr15 Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,2026,47(02):129-133.
尹青,刘佳俊,史智越等.高能电脉冲处理对GCr15轴承钢组织和性能的影响[J].特殊钢,2026,47(02):129-133. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250599.
Yin Qing,Liu Jiajun,Shi Zhiyue,et al.Effect of High-Energy Electrical Pulse Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of GCr15 Bearing Steel[J].Special Steel,2026,47(02):129-133. DOI: 10.20057/j.1003-8620.N250599.
GCr15轴承钢凭借其高强度、高硬度的性能特点,成为轴承构件中用量最大、应用最广的材料,高效便捷制备细质化、均质化的基体组织一直是GCr15轴承钢研发热点。采用高频高能电脉冲技术代替传统固溶工艺对GCr15轴承钢进行闪速奥氏体化,随后油冷,对处理后的力学性能、微观组织结构进行表征分析。结果表明,电脉冲电流产生的焦耳热和电子风效应的综合作用导致材料的快速奥氏体转变和碳化物溶解;经“电压50 V-频率500 Hz-脉宽50 μs”电脉冲奥氏体化处理300 s,试样硬度为62.3 HRC、抗拉强度为2 356 MPa、伸长率2.5%,力学性能均优于传统热处理工艺;试样平均碳化物尺寸为0.46 μm,基体组织呈现均匀、细小、弥散分布。研究结果为新型轴承钢热处理工艺制定及组织调控提供了实验与理论基础。
GCr15 bearing steel is the most widely used material for bearing components due to its high strength and hardness. The efficient and convenient preparation of refined and homogenized matrix microstructures has always been a research hotspot for GCr15 bearing steel. In this study, a high-frequency, high-energy electrical pulse technology was used instead of the traditional solid solution process to achieve flash austenitization of GCr15 bearing steel, followed by oil cooling. The mechanical properties and microstructure were characterized and analyzed. The results show that the combined effect of Joule heating and the electron wind effect generated by the electrical pulse current leads to the rapid austenite transformation and carbide dissolution of the material. The hardness, tensile strength and elongation of the sample were 62.3 HRC, 2 356 MPa and 2.5% after the electric pulse heat austenitizing treatment of "voltage 50V - frequency 500Hz - pulse width 50 μs" for 300 seconds. These mechanical properties are superior to those achieved by the conventional heat treatment process. The average carbide size of the samples is 0.46 μm, and the matrix microstructure is uniform, fine, and dispersedly distributed. The research provides an experimental and theoretical basis for the development of new heat treatment processes and microstructure control for bearing steels.
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