Abstract: The hot compression test on steel 30NiCrMoV12 for high speed train axles (/% : 0.26C, 0.33Si, 0.62Mn, 3.01 Ni, 0.82Cr, 0.56Mo, 0.10V) with strain rate 0.01-10 s^-1 at 850-1150 ℃ has been carried out by using Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation machine with specimen cutting from 0250 mm forges. The austenite deformation behavior and rule of recrystallization of steel for axles during hot deformation process are studied to define the hot deformation equation of steel for axles and establish its hot working map with true strain s 0.5 and 0. 9. Results show that at definite strain rate, the higher temperature and the heavier deformation, the more beneficial to occurrence of dynamic recrystallization of steel; with raising temperature and decreasing strain rate, the efficiency of energy dissipation η gradually increases ； and with true strain 0.5 and strain rate 0. 01 s^-1 at 1100 ℃ the efficiency of energy dissipation is up to max value- 0.41. At 1000-1150 ℃ with strain rate 0.01 〜10 s^-1 the steel for axles has better forgeability.

Key words: High Speed Train Axles, Steel 30NiCrMoV12, Hot Deformation Activation Energy, Hot Working Diagram, Forgeability

摘要： 通过Φ250 mm锻件切取的试样在Gleeble-3500热模拟机于850~1150℃以应变速率0.01~10s^-1对高速列车车轴钢30NiCrMoV12(/%:0.26C,0.33Si,0.62Mn,3.01Ni,0.82Cr,0.56Mo,0.10V)进行了热压缩试验。研究了车轴钢在热变形过程中奥氏体变形行为及再结晶规律,确定了车轴钢的热变形方程,建立应变量ε为0.5和0.9的热加工图。结果表明,在应变速率一定时,温度越高,变形量越大,则越有利于动态再结晶的发生;随着温度升高以及应变速率降低,能量耗散效率η逐渐升高;当真应变0.5,温度1100℃,应变速率0.01 s^-1时,变形能量耗散效率达到最大值0.41。该车轴钢在1000~1150℃,应变速率0.01~1.0s^-1时,具有较好的可锻性。

关键词: 髙速列车车轴, 30NiCrMoV12钢, 热变形激活能, 热加工图, 可锻性