Abstract: According to double film theory the kinetics model of blowing nitrogen alloying in steel liquid during stainless steel refining is established. By using silicon-molybdenum bar furnace the effect of nitrogen blowing time (0~70 min), nitrogen partial pressure (N₂：Ar = 2 : 1, 1:2 and 1:1) and temperature (1773~1833K) with constant pressure (101kPa) , constant temperature 1833K and constant flow rate 0.3L/min on nitrogen alloying of stainless steel 316L(/%: 0.031C, 0.57Si, 1.00Mn, 0.921P, 0.004S, 16.13Cr, 10.12N, 2.12Mo, 0.028N) has been studied. Results show that with increasing nitrogen blowing time and nitrogen partial pressure the nitrogen content in steel increases；with increasing nitrogen flow rate the blowing time for nitrogen content in liquid up to saturating value decreases；with decreasing liquid temperature the dissolvability of nitrogen in steel increases, and the suitable temperature of liquid is 1500°C. The 120t VOD commercial pilot production of stainless steel 316L show that by blowing nitrogen alloying during VOD vacuum period with nitrogen flow rate 42x3m³/h the nitrogen content in steel may be up to 0.04%.

Key words: Ultra-Low Carbon Austenite Stainless Steel 316L, Blowing Nitrogen Alloying, Kinetics, VOD

摘要： 根据双膜理论,建立了不锈钢精炼中向钢水吹氮气合金化过程的动力学模型。通过硅钼棒炉研究了恒压（101kPa）,恒温（1833K）和恒流量（0.3L/min）时316L不锈钢（/%:0.031C,0.57Si,1.00Mn,0.021P,0.004S,16.13Cr,10.12N,2.12Mo,0.028N）吹氮时间（0~70min）,氮分压（N₂:Ar=2:1,1:2和1:1）和温度（1773~1833K）对该钢氮合金化的影响。结果表明,钢中氮含量随着吹氮时间、氮分压的增加而增加,随吹氮流量增加钢液氮含量达到饱和的时间缩短,氮的溶解度随着钢液温度的降低而升高,合适的钢水温度为1500℃。120tVOD316L不锈钢工业生产试验表明,在氮气流量42×3m³/h时,VOD真空阶段吹氮合金化,钢中的氮含量可达0.04%。

关键词: 316L超低碳奥氏体不锈钢, 吹氮合金化, 动力学, VOD