Abstract: A compressible and non isothermal three dimensional VOF model for 260 t converter is established. The characteristics of interaction process between the multi hole supersonic jet and the converter bath are studied and the profile change of interface between the jet and the molten steel is clarified. The mechanism of metal droplet splashing is revealed and the size of the cavity is analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the blowing process has instantaneity, the gas liquid interface becomes unstable and causes splashing with the process of blowing and splashing can coexist in the form of large metal strip and droplet. When the lance distance is 22 m and the flow rate is 53000 m³/h, the dead zone area is about 12%~15% of the bottom area, [JP]the cavity diameter accounts for about 55% of the pool diameter, and the cavity depth accounts for about 30% of the pool depth at formed during blowing. Through the analysis of industrial production practice index, it shows that the by process lance distance 2.2 m and flow rate 53000 m³/h, oxygen blowing for 15.2 min, oxygen comsumption 47.7 m³/t, the dephosphorizing rate is 83.1% and the charging materials comsumption decreases to 1115 kg/t.

摘要： 建立了260t转炉吹炼过程中的可压缩、非等温三维VOF 模型。研究了多孔超音速射流与转炉熔池作用过程特征，阐明了射流与熔融钢水界面接触的轮廓变化。揭示了钢液喷溅机制，定量分析了冲击坑形态大小。结果表明，吹炼过程具有瞬时性，随着吹炼进行，气液界面逐渐失稳并发生喷溅，喷溅会以大块金属带和液滴两种形式共存。在2.2 m枪位53000 m³/h的工况下,进行吹炼时形成的底部死区面积约为熔池底部面积的12%~15%，冲击坑直径占比熔池直径的55%左右，冲击坑深度占比熔池深度的30%左右。工业生产实践表明，过程枪位2.2 m，吹气量53000 m³/h，吹氧15.2 min，氧耗47.7 m3/t，脱磷率83.1%，钢铁料消耗降至1115 kg/t。