最新刊期
卷 43 ， 期 3 ， 2022
- 摘要：The ladle self-opening is a key step that affects the smooth running of continuous casting. Meantime, it is an important factor that affects the cleanliness of molten steel. If the ladle can not be opened by itself, it will have to use oxygen lance for introducing liquid flowing to destroy the sintered layer, but this will lead to a large amount of oxygenation of steel and seriously damage the cleanliness of the molten steel. In order to improve the cleanliness of molten steel by increasing ladle self-opening rate, the influences of filler sand types, particle sizes, water content, additives, adding methods ,shape characteristics of nozzle base brick and the reaction between filler sand and molten steel on the self-opening rate of ladle are summarized, among them, the filler sand with particle size is 0. 5 ~ 1.4 mm contained appropriate amount of coarse rounded particles, filler graphite content 2% 〜4% and water content less than 0. 15% has a higher opening rate.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to the structure and process parameters of a 40 t six-strand heavy rail steel tundish in a steel mill, the flow field, temperature field and RTD curve are studied through numerical simulation of Ansys Fluent software. It is found that the distribution of flow field and temperature field in the original tundish is unreasonable and the flow consistency is poor. Through the orthogonal experiments, the optimized scheme of an elevation angle of 10° at the bottom, an elevation angle of 10° in the middle, and a 0 mm upward movement of the opening of the retaining wall is determined. The simulation results show that through the optimized design, the overall flow field velocity of the tundish is increased, the standard deviation of the average residence time of molten steel is greatly reduced, the lowest temperature is increased by 14. 2 K, the temperature difference of each nozzle is reduced by 1.77 K, and the consistency of each flow is significantly enhanced. The production application results for casting U75V heavy rail steel by 40 t tundish shows that after optimization the forthest nozzle （out3） average residence time reduces from original 687. 1 s to 575. 5 s, the difference of temperature of each nozzle flow decreases from original 2. 05 K to 0. 28 K to improve obviously.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：By established a model of inclusions dynamic at the steel-slag interface the refining slag absorbing inclusions phenomenon is studied. Results show that certain parameters, i. e. particle size, interfacial tension and slag viscosity ,determine the inclusions transfer behavior. Paiticle size and interfacial tension determine definitely large size inclusions transfer behavior, while interfacial tension only determines definitely micro size inclusions rating ≤20 ㎛ transfer behavior. Macro-sizes affects the inclusions displacement more than the Micro-sizes. For the removal of Micro-inclusions, by inclusions mathematical dynamic model coupled by steel and slag surface tension models, the effect of interfacial tension on obsorbing process has been studied. It is obvious that the particles blow 122.9 ㎛ size could be rebounded into steel when they are flowed to steel-slag interface layer. It is obtained that there is no way by re-designing refining slags to effectively remove ≤ 122. 9 ㎛ micro-inclusions from steel to slag layer and further to get the aim to decrease the oxygen content in steel.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Through the design composition (/% : 0. 09C, 0. 15Si, 1. 15Mn, 0. 58Ni, 0. 47Cr, 0. 44Mo,0. 033V, 0.022Nb,0.0012B,0.036Al,0.014Ti) , the N content of smelting analysis controlled to be ≤ 20 x 10-6in steel smelting, rolling with ingot maximum heating temperature ≤1 200 °C , and quenching at 930 °C and tempering at 610 °C,the developed 60 mm SX780CF steel plate has yield strength 780 MPa, tensile strength 887 MPa, elongation 18% and 5% strain 250 °C aged -20 °C impact energy (KV2) 203 ~ 210 J, which meet the technical requirements of 800 MPa low welding crack sensitivity high strength steel for hydropower station.6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Through FactSage thermodynamics software calculation and laboratory 25 kg vaccum-induction furnace smelting of BT700L automobile beam steel, the influence law of refining slag on the alloying of niobium and titanium is discussed and the effect of the addition of rare earth niobium-titanium composite alloy on steel structure, inclusions and precipitates is studied. The results show that the 55% CaO -25% Al2O3~ 15%SiO2~5% MgO refining slag with a basicity of 3. 7 is more suitable for the smelting of BT700L automobile beam steel. After the refining slag added, Ti in the molten steel reacts with SiO2in the slag, Si is reduced into the steel, the Ti content in the steel decreases, and the Si content increases ； The cast structure of the experimental steel is composed of ferrite and a small amount of bainite ； The addition of rare earths reduces the number and size of inclusions in the steel, and makes the precipitates in the steel more dispersed and finer.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The process of ultra - pure 316H steel for nuclear power produced by 20 t EAF-AOD-LF-VD-Φ430 mm elecrode-Φ590 mm ESR ingot-homogenizing treating-Φ310 mm forged bar flowsheet is studied by means of composition calculation ,smelting process and electroslag slag analysis, homogenization annealing process test and other methods. When the composition satisfies 0. 042% ~ 0. 047% C, ≤ 0. 55% Si, 1. 60% ~ 1. 80% Mn, 17. 00% ~ 17. 30% Cr, 12. 20% ~ 12. 40%Ni,2. 50% ~2. 60% Mo, ≤ 5 x10-6H, ≤ 30x 10-6O,0. 055% ~0.070%N, the Φ430 mm electrode is remelted with CaF2： Al2O3: CaO =60%: 30%: 10% slag system electroslag into Φ590 mm ESR ingot, then homogenization treated at 1 200 ~ 1 250 °C for 30 h, it can produce products to meet the standards, that is inclusion rating units- A and C being 0, Bthin0.5,Bthickbeing 0,Dthin1. 0,Dthick0 -0. 5 and Ds being (0 ~0.5) ；ferrite content ≤ 0. 5% .4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In order to study the control technology of nonmetallic inclusions in aluminum deoxidized 0. 20 C steel (/% ：0. 13 ~0.23C,0. 17 〜0.37Si,0.35 ~0.65Mn, ≤ 0.035P, ≤ 0.035S,0.020 - 0.050Al) produced by the process of “120 t BOF-LF-RH-160 mm x 160 mm billet CC”，the adding time of deoxidizer in LF refining process is adjusted, and the type and quantity of nonmetallic inclusions in the refining process are analyzed. The results show that the non-metallic inclusions in steel before LF refining are mainly Al2O3with deoxidizing by aluminum block after BOF tapping, and some inclusions change from Al2O3to Al2O3CaO before LF refining, and the density of non-metallic inclusions is 3 ~4 /mm2after RH, and billet oxygen content is (7. 48 ~ 8. 18) x 10-6, But with liquid deoxidizing by silicon-manganese after BOF tapping, feeding aluminum wire before refining end, the inclusion in refining process is mainly MnO • SiO2and the CaO content is less than 5% , billet oxygen content is (4. 94 〜5. 53) x 10-6, and the non-metallic inclusion is controlled to Al2O3at the end of refining, and after RH vacuum treatment, the density of non-metallic inclusion is less than 1.5/mm2. Therefore, for the aluminum-containing steel produced by the " BOF-LF-RH-CC" process, it is proposed to control the nonmetallic inclusions to Al2O3before the end of refining, and at the same time, RH vacuum is used to remove the inclusions efficiently, so as to improve the cleanliness of molten steel.关键词：20钢, 铝脱氧, 非金属夹杂物, Al2O3, , ;夹杂物去除, 洁净度2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 0. 20% ~0. 25%C high-quality NM450 wear-resistant steel for truck compartment has been designed and developed by using Nb, Ti, Cr and B microalloying composition. The microstructure of 14 mm steel plate queched at 900 °C and tempered at 200 °C is tempered lath martensite and a small amount of dispersed second phase particles, which has the excellent comprehensive properties. The tensile strength of NM450 steel is 1 459 MPa, the elongation is 19% , the impact energy is 104 J, the surface brinell hardness value is 450HBW. With the bending angle 180°and the elbow diameter 168 mm, the bending sample is qualified. CHW-70C welding wire has good welding performance： i. e. the tensile strength of welded joint 839 MPa, the impact energy of weld 113 J, the hardness number of weld 282HV. With the bending angle 90° and the elbow diameter 168 mm, the bending sample is qualified.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The GH2132 alloy (1.90% ~2. 30%Ti) has the problems of large loss of Ti element ( A[Ti]0. 37% ~ 0. 57% ) in ESR process, the Ti content in steel is only 1. 83% ~ 1. 89% in ESR middle and last period. By adopting (/% ) CaF： Al2O3： CaO： TiO2=75： 15： 5： 5 slag system to replace original CaF270% + Al2O20% slag system, the unstable oxide (SiO2+ FeO) in the slag is controlled to be less then 0. 6% , and die controlled melting rate of the smelting process decreases from 6. 1 -6. 3 kg/min to 5. 3 -5. 6 kg/min, etc technological measures, as a result, the Ti content in steel at ESR ingot each part is 2. 06% ~2. 21% , and the Ti burning loss A[Ti] decreases to 0. 19% ~0. 34%, ESR ingots are sampled to check the inclusions after forging, and it is found that the inclusions have also been significantly improved after the process adjustment. The class inclusions of D fine system is controlled below rating 0. 5, which meets the requirements.关键词：GH2132合金电渣重熔;渣系;夹杂物2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 12Cr2Mol VR steel plate production flow is 100 t EAF-LF-VOD-CC-ESR-rolling process. In the electroslag remelting process, the processes such as melting rate reduced by (160 ~ 180) kg/h and nitrogen protection are adopted ； low speed and large reduction rolling process is adopted in the rolling process ； after rolling, 650 ~ 700 °C longtime holding hydrogen diffusion annealing process is adopted. Normalizing at 930 ~ 950 °C ( accelerated cooling) + tempering process at 680 -700 °C are adopted during heat treatment. The surface quality of the produced steel plate is good. The flaw detection level meets the requirements of NB/T 47013. 3-2015 with No. 1 amendment T I rating. The composition and microstructure of the steel plate are uniform. The mechanical properties are stable to meets the technical requirements.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：During performance testing of 6200 mm YG1900 ultra-high strength steel produced by 6 t VIM + 6 t VAR double vacuum process smelting + forging material process, the uneven performance is found. In this paper, the scanning electron microscopy and electron probe analysis are carried out on the microstructure of samples with uneven performance, the result shows that the segregation of carbides in structure caused by the segregation of W and Mo is the reason of uneven performance. After conducting a series of measurement by reducing the melting rate of vacuum consumable smelting from 4 ~ 5 kg/min to 3 ~ 4 kg/min, increasing the homogenization temperature of forged steel ingots from I 200 ~ 1 220 °C to 1 230 ~ 1 250 °C , and increasing the total forging ratio of forging production increased from 24 ~ 30 to 50 〜56, the problem of uneven performance of YG1900 ultra-high-strength steel is improved after process improvement.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The types and quantity density of non-metallic inclusions, and the change of total oxygen in steel ML08Al produced by the two processes BOF-RH-CC and BOF-LF-CC are analyzed. The results show that the main non-metallic inclusions in steel after BOF deoxidizing alloying of two process are Al2O3in the process of "BOF-LF-CC" , the partial non- metallic inclusions in steel at the end of LF refining are changed from Al2O3to Al2O3・ CaO and Al2O3• MgO, but in the process of "BOF-RH-CC" , after RH vacuum the non-metallic inclusions Al2O3are still dominated. After deoxidizing alloying, the total oxygen content in BOF molten steel is 27. 8 x 10-6~31. 5 x 10-6the total oxygen content in steel at LF end is 20. 2 x 10-6~22. 5 x 10-6but the total oxygen content in steel at RH end is 14. 7 X 10-6~ 15. 3 x 10-6. The removal rates of inclusions by LF refining and RH vacuum treatment are 49. 6% and 80. 9% respectively. Therefore, the cleanness of the cold heading steel ML08Al produced by the process of "BOF-RH-CC" is better than that produced by the process of “BOF-LF-CC”.关键词：冷镦钢ML08Al, 非金属夹杂物, RH;LF, 洁净度6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The cord steel 82A is melt by 80 t LD-LF-CC process. It is found that ladle refractories have obvious influence on Al content in steel. Two kinds of ladle refractories ( magnesia carbon brick and magnesia alumina carbon brick) are used for industrial production. The test results show that when 82 A cord steel is produced by using magnesia carbon brick ladle with refining slag basicity 0.9, the content of Al in steel can be controlled below 0.001% , and the inclusions can be controlled in the low melting point zone, which is beneficial to improve the quality of 82A cord steel and the wire breaking rate decreases from original 1% to 0.42%.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Gleeble-3500 thermal simulation test, Factsage7.0 software, scanning electron microscope and infrared thermal imager are used to analyze the mechanism of high temperature thermoplastic and comer transverse crack formation of 0.125% C micro-alloying C36 ship plate steel 250 mm x 2 070 mm slab. The results show that the high temperature plasticity range of C36 ship plate steel is from 800°C to 1 200°C , and the reduction of area of slab rate is 75.5% to 80.9% at 800 °C to 1 000 °C , and 87.8% to 95.0% at 1 050 °C to 1 200 °C. The large precipitation of the second phase NbC at 950 ~ 1 100 °C is the main reason to block the growth of recrystallized grains in C36 steel at this deformation temperature. The transverse crack at the comer of the cast slab of C36 ship plate steel is formed in the outer arc and in the intercrystalline brittle cracking. The formation of the crack may be related to the fact that the temperature (706 °C ) of the comer of the outer arc of the cast slab at the ninth stage of continuous casting of secondary cooling zone is close to the brittle temperature range and the static pressure is carried out. By increasing cast speed of C36 steel from 0.90 m/min to 0.95 m/min, cast slab out arc temperature be enhanced from 706 °C to 731 °C , the out arc comer crack yield rate decreases from 5.67% to 3.68%.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The subcritical spheroidization annealing, ordinary spheroidizing annealing, and isothermal spheroidizing annealing heat treatment process experiment on 20CrNiMo steel are carried out. By means of optical microscope and brinell hardness tester is carried out to observe respectively after the spheroidizing microstructure. The results show that the hardness value in 20CrNiMo steel can be controlled below 160HBW through ordinary spheroidizing annealing and isothermal spheroidizing annealing ； when the subcritical spheroidizing annealing at 710 °C , the spheroidization rate has increased with the extension of time, when the spheroidizing annealing time more than 25 h, the spheroidization rate may be more than 65% ； the normal spheroidizing annealing process, which is held at 750 °C for 6 h and slow cooling, can obtain 83% spheroidizing rate； by using isothermal spheroidizing annealing, when at 750 °C for 6 h, the in 30 min furnace cooling to 650 °C for 6 h, the spheroidizing rate is 93% and the hardness value is 145HBW.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Effect of 220 °C ,240 °C ,260 °C，280 °C ,300 °C and 320°C for 3 h tempering on microstructures and mechanical properties of 950 °C quenched test 20SiMnMo high strength steel (/% ：0. 22C,0. 80Si, 1.00Mn,0. 40Mo,0. 72Cr, 0. 20Ni)are studied by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, Rockwell hardness tester, universal tensile testing machine and impact testing machine. The results show that with the increase of tempering temperature, the hardness and strength of the tested steel decrease, the elongation and impact energy at room temperature increase firstly and then decrease. After tempered at 260 °C , the steel with uniform fine martensite laths microstructure has a good comprehensive properties of strength, ductility and toughness with HRC hardness number 44. 8, impact absorption energy AKV275. 3 J, tensile strength 1 278 MPa, yield strength 1 210 MPa and elongation 15. 5%.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：By Formastor-F quenching dilatometer thermal simulation and VL2000DX-SVF17SP high temperature laser scanning confocal microscope ( LSCM) observation, the dilatation curve and microstructure of a low carbon bainite rail steel of U25CrNi (/% ：0.25C, 1.73Si, 1.69Mn ,0.012P,0.002S, 1.40Cr,0.57Ni,0.49Mo,0. 06V) during continuous cooling process from 950 °C at different cooling rates are studied. The results show that at low cooling rate (0. 2 °C/s) , the microstructure of test steel is mainly bainite ； as the cooling rate increases to 1 °C/s, the microstructure gradually transforms to bainite and martensite, and the size of the bainite plate gradually decreases with the increase of the cooling rate； when the cooling rate reaches 2 °C/s, basically only the martensite transformation occurs during the cooling process, and the hardness of the test steel gradually increases with the increase of the cooling rate.关键词：原位观察;热膨胀法;相变温度;组织2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The critical point measurement and continuous cooling transformation test with cooling rate 0.02 ~40 °C/s of high temperature bearing steel M50 (/% ：0. 82C,4. 25Cr,4. 17Mo, 1. 03V) are carried out by expansion method in DIL805A quenching dilatometer, and the static CCT curve is drawn. Combined with the microstructure and Vickers hardness analysis at room temperature, the effects of cooling rate and austenitizing temperature ( 1 000 °C and 1 120 °C)on the microstructure transformation as well as the static CCT curve of high temperature bearing steel M50 are systematically studied. The results show that the critical point of high temperature bearing steel M50 is not influenced by austenitizing temperature. The temperatures of Ac1and Accm are 808 °C and 852 °C respectively ； the critical cooling rate of pearlite transformation is 0. 05 °C/s. The increase of austenitizing temperature promotes the decrease of the initial temperature of martensite transformation and the right shift of bainite transformation interval on the static CCT curve, and significantly improves the room temperature hardness of high temperature bearing steel M50 at lower cooling rate.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：By field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with an EBSD imaging system the structure and properties of ferritic/martensitic dual-phase steel 0. 05C-2. 8Mn-4. 2Ni-2AJ-l. 2Mo-l. 9Cu after rolling deformation and heat treatment are studied. The results show that by rolled with 900 °C. 30% +780 °C 75% deforming and 500 °C. annealed, of F- M steel the grain size 0.97μm, yield tensile strength and elongation are respectively 876 MPa, 976 MPa and 15.2% , and by rolled with 900 °C 30% +780 °C 50% deforming and 500 °C annealed, of F-M steel the grain size 1.54 μm, yield、 tensile strength and elongation are respectively 801 MPa,895 MPa and 19. 4%. Hie grain refinement and the increase of small-angle grain boundaries caused by rolling deformation are the main reasons for improving the strength of the experimental steel. However, the large rolling deformation also makes too many small-angle grain boundaries hinder the movement of dislocations, which leads to more difficult deformation arid slightly poorer ductility in the plastic deformation process of the experimental steel.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of grain size on 550 ~650 °C 360 〜165 MPa stress rupture property of 316H austenitic stainlees steel 28 mm plate is studued and its rupture mode is analyzed. At 550 °C and by 360 MPa or 335 MPa stress, the stress rupture life of the fine grain (44. 5 μm ) plate only reaches 48. 92% or 51.98% of the coarse grain (89. 6 μm) plate. Wedge crack on the grain boundaries led to the rupture. Tlie grain size has more influence on the stress rupture property, and higher stress makes the effect increase furtherly. However, at 650 °C and by 165 MPa, the stress rupture life of the fine grain (44.5 μm ) plate reaches 91.35% of the coarse grain (89.6 μm)plate. In this case, the grain size has a less influence on the stress rupture property, and microscopic damage occurring during stress-rupture is caused by the growth and coalescence of cavities on grain boundaries.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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