最新刊期
卷 43 ， 期 2 ， 2022
- 摘要：The material changes and property requirements of domestic railway bogie steel from 1950's ~ 20109 s are summarized. At the same time, the chemical composition design, strength grade and atmospheric corrosion resistance mechanism of steel for cast steel and welded bogies are briefly introduced. The research status of low temperature toughness, atmospheric corrosion resistance, welding property and fatigue property of current High-speed train bogie steel is renewed.4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on the Ingot Weight-compatible ( IWC) design, three ingot designs [ embedded insulation board (C) , assemble ferrule (T) and assemble gasket ( D) ] are designed, and the solidification pattern of the 10~15t,20~ 27 t,29 ~35 t,39 ~45 t and 50 ~60t 42CrMo4 steel ingots is predicted by finite element software. It can be seen that with 10 ~ 60 t ingot the liquid core more and more deep into ingot body especially in D design with die increase of compatible volume. When the compatible volume is less than 10% of the original ingot weight, the solidification time of the three designs is similar,and the difference of the center porosity length is below 69 mm. When the compatible volume is greater than 10% , the solidification time of D ingot decreases compared with two other mode ( C and T ingot) ,and the center porosity length extends 107 ~232 mm. However, when the compatible volume exceeds 20% ,the length of the center porosity of ingot will of ingot increase more than two times,and the quality of the ingot will worsen obviously. Therefore,when the compatible volume is less than 10% ,T and D mode should be selected. T and C mode are taken into consideration when the compatible volume is between 10% and 20% . The in-situ commercial application for 42CrMo4 steel 20 ~27 t IWC ingot shows that, the ultrasonic detection results of ingots have reached Ⅱ grade requirement.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In order to simulate solidification process of the bloom continuous casting under different technological factors ,the solidification process of 82B steel is simulated by using finite element method, and temperature field of 280 mm x 325 mm casting bloom is obtained. The results show that the solidification at fs=1 and fs=0 both move backward with the increase of the casting speed from 0. 60 m/min to 0. 76 m/min, but the solidification time of center increases by 9. 8% ； when the superheat increases from 15 °C to 50°C , the solidification end （fs=1） also moves backward about 1. 1 m. Based on simulation result to improve casting process, as casting speed increasing from 0. 60 m/min to 0. 76 m/min, with adding soft reduction, it is availebe to improve macrostructure quality.关键词：280 mm x325 mm连铸坯;温度场;二次冷却区, 数值模拟, SWRH82B钢2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In order to improve the solidification structure of steel 20CrMnTi billet, based on the CAFE model in ProCAST software, the solidification structure is numerically simulated, and the effects of different superheat of molten steel, casting speed of billet and secondary cooling water ratio on the solidification structure are studied. The simulation results show that with decreasing the superheat of molten steel, and increasing cast speed, and decreasing the specific water a- mount of secondary cooling can increase the equiaxed grain ratio and refine the grain size of the billet, and the superheat of molten steel has the most influence on it； the equiaxed grain rate increases by 3. 7% with the decrease of superheat by 10°C ；the equiaxed grain ratio of the casting billet increases by 1. 8% on average when the cast speed increases by 0.1 m/ min； and the equiaxed grain ratio of the billet increases by 1. 65% when the specific water amount decreases by 0. 1 L/kg. Production application shows that with superheat of molten steel 30 °C，as cast speed decreases from original 2. 2 m/min to 2. 1 m/min, secondary cooling specific water amount inceases from 0. 6 L/kg to 0. 7 L/kg, the billet center porosity obvously decreases.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：1 ： 2 water hydraulic model is established based on similar theory for a 1 500 mm x 230 mm slab mold as a prototype at a steelworks. The results show that when the blowing gas flowrate is certain, the fluctuation of die liquid level from the center of the nozzle to the narrow side first increases and then decreases, and when the blowing gas flowrate is more than 0. 8 L/min, the phenomenon of slag entrapment begins to occur and the number of bubbles in the mold becomes more. The increase of immersion depth makes the liquid level fluctuation weaker, and the effect of immersion depth in the range of 65 ~ 95 mm on the effect of slag entrapment is not significant. Increasing casting speed increases the impact depth of the flow strand, with large slag droplets being involved at casting speeds more than 1. 1 m/min. When the casting speed of the mold is 1.0 ~ 1.1 m/min, the blowing gas flowrate is 0. 6 ~0. 8 L/min, and the immersion depth is 75 ~ 85 mm is more reasonable. The production practice of C45E steel shows that as the drawing speed is adjusted from 0. 9 ~ 1.2 m/min to 1.0 ~ 1. 1 m/min and the immersion depth is improved from 130 ~ 190 mm to 150 ~ 170 mm, the billet defect rate is reduced from 6% to 1.9%.4|1|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The diffusion behavior of Cr and Ni in the bonding interface of 60 nun Q345B carbon steel/10 mm 304 stainless steel clad plate being heated at 1 200 °C without rolling and being rolled to 30 mm Q345/5 mm 304 clad plate with 2 times compression ratio has been studied. The test results show that whether the interface contact or non-contact does not affect the diffusion during the heating process. Under the vacuum condition, Cr and Ni evaporate from the stainless steel side and diffuse to the carbon steel side, and tlie diffusion distance of Cr is greater than that of Ni. During the rolling process, the metallurgical bonding is established at the composite interface. The difference in the concentration of Cr and Ni on both sides of the interface drove the diffusion of Cr and Ni to the carbon steel side, and the initial heating diffusion zone is rolled and thinned. The concentration difference of Cr on both sides of the bonding interface is small while that of Ni is large. After 2 times compression ratio hot rolling, only 20μm width Cr and 10μm width Ni depletion zones are formed on the stainless steel side.6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：316L stainless steel is prepared by the production process of 20 t EAF-AOD-LF-casting ingots, and the inclusion content in steel is reduced by LF calcium treatment and bottom argon blowing. The calcium addition amount is determined by a combination of empirical parameters and thermodynamic calculations. The metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope are used to analyze the effect of ratio coefficient ( actual feeding Ca amount/theory feeding Ca amount) 1.65 and 2. 95 and soft blowing time after LF feeding Ca on ingredient, distribution and size of non-metallic inclusions in steel ingots. The results show that the reasonable ratio coefficient of 316L stainless steel after calcium treatment is about 2. 95. The inclusions in the molten steel after calcium treatment are mainly calcium aluminate compounds and silicate compounds. Extending the soft blowing time had a significant effect on the removal of large-size inclusions ； within 0 ~ 25 min, the quantity and average size of inclusions in the steel ingot reduced with extending soft blowing time and the optimal soft blowing time is 20 min.关键词：316L不锈钢 钙处理;夹杂物;实际喂Ca量/理论喂Ca量;软吹时间2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The cracking defects of the Ni-base corrosion-resistant alloy N10276 produced by duplex process of 3 t vacuum induction melting furnace + 3 t electroslag remelting ingot are greatly easy to appear in the process of cogging. The defects are analyzed by means of microstructure characterization, energy spectrum detection and transmission electron microscope calibration. The re-dissolved conditions of precipitates are determined by thermodynamic calculation and differential scanning calorimetry. The improvement measures are verified by thermal compression simulation. The results show that the μ phase precipitated in the alloy is the direct reason for cracking in the process of forging cogging. When the alloy is annealed above 1 110 ℃ for a long time, the precipitates can be redissolved. After the homogenization process is improved from 1 150 X. for 24 h to 1 190 °C for 36 h, the precipitates in the alloy are fully dissolved. The simulation of the hot compression test exhibits that the hot workability of the alloy is improved obviously after process improvement, and the cogging cracking can be avoided.关键词：N10276合金;开坯开裂;析出相;均匀化3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The experimental data of 400 heats of steel produced by 110 t EAF + LF/VD refining + continuous casting + hoi rolling in a special steel plant are statistically analyzed. The hardenability [at (920 ± 10) °C for 50 min and then air cooling to room temperature,followed by holding at (880 ±5) °C for 30 min water quenching] and chemical composition of 20CrMnTiH steel are obtained by means of Jominy test and spectral analysis to get a linear relationship between the hardenability and the content of residual boron. By each steelmaking practice analysis it is found that the main source of B in steel is EAF tapping slag. The content of B in steel can be effectively controlled by controlling the amount of tapping slag in EAF tapping. In addition, when the amount of Al2O3in the refining slag decreases from 30 % to 15% ~20% ,the content of B in steel can be controlled below 0. 000 2%.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The following process is used to produce wheel medium carbon bearing steel S55C: 120 t BOF smelting—► LF refining—► RH vacuum treatment —► 240 mm x 240 mm continuous casting billet—►Φ55 mm and Φ60 mm bar rolling. Catch carbon practice is used in BOF smelting to control end [C] \0. 10% , and the slagging-off detection system is e- quipped. The basicity of slag is controlled within 4.0 ~ 6.5 during LF refining. The cyclic degassing in RH is carried out under the condition of high vacuum degree ≤66. 7 Pa, and die soft blowing time after degassing is not less than 40 min. Protective casting is carried out in the whole casting process, and M-EMS and F-EMS as well as light reduction technology is applied, the control rolling and control cooling technology are adopted in the rolling process to control finishing rolling at 880 -950 ℃. The measuring results show that the oxygen content in product is ≤ 0.001 0% , and the titanium content is ≤ 0.001 5%. The internal quality of the bars meets the ultrasonic grade A； and there are no macro defects and large inclusions； and the longitudinal material fatigue life exceeds 107times.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to specification of SCM435 steel hot rolled wire rod, the austenite grain size is ≥7 grade and the reduction of area is N≥ 35%. The test results show that in the original process the mixed grain size structure of 中12 mm SCM435 steel wire is distributed along the surface of the wire rod with depth 0. 5 mm, and the austenite grain size rating is 4(25% )+7. 5(75% ) ； the rating of austenite grain size at the rest of the core area is 7. 5. There is more martensite in the microstructure, and the reduction of area of steel is lower. Through analysis on the causes of mixed grain structure, and decreasing finishing rolling temperature from 935 Y to 850 °C , and outgoing temperature decreasing from 900 °C to 850 °C the rating of austenite grain size of 4)12 mm SCM435 steel hot rolled wire rod increases from 7. 5 to 8. 5 and the mixed grain structure on surface of wire rod disappeared, the proportion of martensite in the microstructure decreases, and the average reduction of area increases from 35% to 40% .
13|3|0更新时间：2026-01-21 - 摘要：Effect of rolling end-cooling temperature 880 ~320 °C of experiment of Q355B hot-rolled H-beam steel on the strength, toughness and structure of the H-beam steel flange is studied. The results show that as the temperature after controlled cooling is 570 °C , the yield strength of the steel increases by 73 MPa compared to that of the air cooling process, and the elongation after fracture is 23. 5% ； as the temperature after controlled cooling is 320 °C , the yield strength of the steel increases by 228 MPa compared to that of the air cooling process, and the elongation after fracture is 16. 0% , which shows that the elongation rate is not qualified. The microstructure and ferrite grain size of Q355B hot rolled H beam steel obtained by normalizing after rolling are F + P and 11. 0. When the temperature drop rate of controlled cooling process is 73. 9 °C/s and the end-cooling temperature is 570 °C , B appears on the surface of die jet flange, the structure of the inner and core of the flange is F + P, and the grain size is 12. 0 ~ 12. 5 ； as the cooling temperature drop rate is 91. 4 °C/s, and the end-cooling temperature is 320 °C , M appears on the surface at the spraying side, and B appears at the core and inner side, at this time, the strength of steel is too high and the plasticity is seriously insufficient.关键词：控制冷却;热轧H型钢;Q355B钢;组织和性能;晶粒细化2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on the intermediate cracks in continuous casting Q235B steel 230 mm slab produced by LD-Ar route, a series of analyses the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics in intermediat cracks are done by optical microscope ,SEM and EDS. The results show that irregular arc of segments and low precision of roll gap as well as misalignment of the supporting rollers are the outer causes of forming and extending in intermediate cracks, and coarse grains and serious element segregations such as manganese, sulfur and complex inclusion compound accumuleted at the crack band are the inner causes of producing intermediate cracks. With the process measures including control segments arc ≤ ±0.3 mm, roll gap ≤ ±0.5 mm, secondary cooling water ratio 0.50 L/kg, [S] ≤0.030% , [Mn]/[S]≥15, it is available to decrease and avoid the occurrence of the cracks. As a result, the quality of the slab center quality is enhanced.关键词：Q235B钢;连铸板坯;中间裂纹;外因;内因2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The causes of the exceeding silicon content and poor pour ability of low carbon and low silicon-aluminum killed steel C4C-Q (/% ：0. 02 ~0. 06C, ≤ 0. 06Si,0. 02 ~0. 05Al) produced by 120 t BOF-LF-RH-CC flow sheet are analyzed. Through process optimization, adopting BOF tapping twice slag blocking mode and decarburizing process after tap, molten steel to decrease tap oxygen content and reduce Al2O3inclusions forming in the later deoxidation process combining optimizing the deoxidation mode of LF furnace and adjusting the ladle bottom blowing stirring, the silicon increase in molten steel can be controlled within 0. 03% while the desulfurization is ensured, the [Si] ≤ 0. 045% in the tundish, the LF refining slag has good fluidity and strong ability to absorb inclusions ； by casting improving the protective effect during the start casting, adopting high liquid steel level when start casting of first furnace, to promote the inclusion in the tundish to float upwards, improve the molten steel temperature in the tundish, increase the static pressure of the molten steel at the same time, and reduce the Al2O3inclusions nodulation on the inner wall of the nozzle, therefore good pour ability C4C-Q steel composition with /% ：0. 04 ~0. 06C,0. 034 ~ 0. 042Si and 0. 028 ~ 0. 034Al is produced.4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The microstructure and mechanical properties of the test 82B steel (0. 82%C,0.20%Cr) with 0. 02% ~ 0. 11% Mo Φ 12.5 mm rolled bar (end rolling at 950 °C , water cooling to 650 °C , air cooling) are measured by means of metallographic microscope, hardness tester, universal tensile testing machine and scanning electron microscope. The CCT curves of the test steels are simulated by JMATPRO teclinology. The results show that as the Mo content increases from 0.02% to 0. 11% ； (1) the depth of decarburization layer of 82B steel is all ≤0. 12 mm,and the HV hardness number is slightly increased from 305 to 317,(2) the proportion of sorbitic decreases slightly from 94% to 89% ,the fineness of sorbitic lamella increase significantly. The yield strength increases from 655 MPa to 771 MPa, the tensile strength increases from 1 054 MPa to 1 139 MPa, the reduction of area increases from 38% to 52% , and the elongation has no significant change are about 12% ,(3) The liigh temperature strengthening effect of micro Mo is obvious. At 600 °C ,the yield strength increases from 316 MPa to 369 MPa, and the tensile strength increases from 358 MPa to 399 MPa.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In order to study the effect of different tempering temperature on microstructure and properties of ( R4s) 22MnCrNiMo mooring chain steel flash weld zone. Cycle quenching ( water cooling) is preferred for quenching process. According to the actual production temperature and theoretical transformation point, the quenching temperature is 920 °C. The tempering temperature is 300, 400, 500, 600 °C , and the tempering holding time is 30 min. The results show that with the increase of tempering temperature, the internal stress gradually decreases. When tempering at 600 °C , tempered sorbite structure is obtained in the weld zone, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and area reduction of the weld are 1 071 MPa, 1 021 MPa, 17% and 66. 60% respectively, at this time, the strength and toughness of the weld zone are best matched.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：GH3625 alloy with carbon content of 0. 031% ,0. 048% and 0. 055% is forged from 4>480 mm ingot to 0155 mm bar and rolled into 090 mm bar and heating at 1 000 °C for 1 h, air cooling. Tlie 0.023% C alloy is forged from Φ480 mm to Φ180 mm,Φ155mm and Φ 135 mm respectively,and the Φ155 mm forging stock is rolled to Φ90 mm and Φ80 mm bar respectively by the 450 horizontal rolling mill. The following solid solution treatment is heated at 950 °C for 1 h,air cooling. The test results show that with increasing the C content from 0. 031% to 0. 055% the yield and tensile strength of GH3625 alloy increase respectively from 419 and 862 MPa to 597 and 938 MPa. But the elongation and reduction of section of alloy have little change. With the increase of deformation from 85. 9% to 97. 2% , the grain size rating of 0.023% C GH3625 alloy changes from 4 to 6, and the mechanical properties are improved.关键词：高温合金;GH3625; C含量;变形量;晶粒度2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Microstructure and properties of Nb-Ti microalloyed ultra-high-strength steel (/% ： 0. 36C, 0. 45Si, 0. 63Mn,0.005P,0.002S,0. 83Ni, 1.2Cr,0. 23Mo,0.04Nb,0.01 Ti,0.004 0N,0.002 00) are studied by tensile tester, impact tester, metallographic microscope, transmission electron microscopy and other equipments. Of 200 kg VIM furnace melting with initial rolling at 1 050 °C and finishing rolled at 850 °C , the test steel organization mainly structure is bainite and pearlite. After quenching at 890 °C and tempering at 210 °C , the mechanical properties of steel are Rm1 906 MPa, Rp0.21574 MPa,A 10. 0% and -40 °C 18 J,the organization has a small amount of lath martensite with both ends of a square , in addition to a mass of acicular martensite with both ends of sharp-angled y mostly with grain boundary angle in 60° , and its substructure appears a large number of twin, accompanied by microalloyed precipitates ； the microalloyed precipitates are mainly round or oval small size NbC. And a small amount of square and circular larger size (Ti, Nb) (C, N) precipitates, the greater size, the more obvious square characteristics, and the niobium content of precipitate phase reduces ,the titanium content increases.2|1|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The tested super austenitic stainless steel 022Cr24Ni17Mo5Mn6NbN (/% : 0. 028C, 0. 33Si, 6. 21Mn, 24. 93Cr, 17. 03Ni, 4. 24Mo, 0. 45N) is melted by 1 t non vacuum induction furnace and electroslag remelting process, and rolled into Φ 40 mm bar after Φ360 mm electroslage ingot forging. The microstructure, pitting corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the steel as hot-rolled (end rolling at 1 000 °C , WC) and after solution at 1 070 ~ 1 180 °C are studied. The tested results show that with the increases of solution temperature, the grain size of steel gradually grows, the strength of steel decrease and the plasticity increases, and the pitting corrosion resistance improves. Uniform structure, better pitting corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties of steel are obtained by solid solution at 1 120 °C.关键词：超级奥氏体不锈钢022Cr24Ni17Mo5Mn6NbN;固溶温度;组织;力学性能;点腐蚀性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：-Through tensile test, metallographic observation, scanning microscope observation and 72 h corrosion tests in simulated Cl environment and simulated industrial atmospheric environment, the effects of adding 0. 23% Cr on the microstructure and mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Φ12 mm 20MnSiV high strength reinforced steel are studied. The results show that the grain size is refining obviously with 0. 23% Cr addition, and the grain size rating increase from 8. 5 ~9. 0 to 9. 0 ~ 9. 5, meanwhile the distribution of pearlite is more uniform, and the difference of pearlite content between internal region and the region near the surface decreases from 7. 24% to 3. 22%. With the addition of 0. 23%Cr, the element "V" can be saved, under the prerequisite for mechanical property guaranteed, vanadium contents decrease by about 0. 01%. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of rebar with 0. 23% Cr is improved in industrial atmosphere environment ,however, adding small amount Cr the resistance property to chloride ions environment of steel rebar decreases slightly.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The phase transformation characteristics of high strength steel SCr440 ( 0.40% C, 1.00% Cr) for automotive fasteners are studied by thermal simulation. From 850 °C by cooling rate ≤ 1℃ /s continuous cooling, the transformed structure is ferrite and pearlite, and bainite and martensite occur in structure with cooling rate reached 2 ℃/s, by cooling rate ≥7 °C/s the main structure in steel is martensite and bainite. The pearlitic transformation temperature is 550 ~700 °C during isothermal conditions, and bainitic transformation occurs when the transformation temperature decreased below 550 °C. Based on thermal simulation results, the Φ 18 mm SCr440 steel rod has been successfully rolled, and can be used to manufacture 10.9 grade automobile flange bolts by cold drawing to Φ 17 mm rod, then spheroidizing annealing at 700 ~ 760 °C and cold drawing to Φ15.7 mm rod.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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