Abstract: The high nitrogen stainless bearing steel （HNSBS） with the merits of high strength， high hardness， long life， and superior corrosion resistance has become a popular topic in the development of novel bearing materials. This paper uses methods such as rotatory bending fatigue （RBF） test to study the effect of heat treatment process on the fatigue performance and crack initiation mechanism of 30Cr15Mo1N HNSBS. The results show that the tensile strength of the HNSBS quenched at 1 050 ℃ and tempered at 180 ℃ is 1 985.3 MPa， with the hardness of 60.5HRC and the RBF strength of 867 MPa. After tempering at 500 ℃， the hardness is equivalent to 180 ℃， with the tensile strength of 2 257.6 MPa and the RBF of 1 020 MPa. And it is found that the crack sources in 180 ℃ sample are mainly the matrix and inclusions， the crack source causing the fatigue crack initiation of the 500 ℃ tempering sample is usually the side defect. The reduction of internal stress concentration in the matrix structure caused by high-temperature tempering is the main reason for the transformation of crack source type and the improvement of fatigue performance. This article conducts in-depth research on the fatigue behavior and crack initiation phenomenon of （HNSBS）， providing experimental and theoretical basis for the formulation of heat treatment processes and the study of fatigue resistance mechanisms of （HNSBS）.

Key words: 30Cr15Mo1N High Nitrogen Stainless Bearing Steel, Fatigue Performance, Fatigue Crack Initiation

摘要： 高氮不锈轴承钢凭借高强度、高硬度、长寿命和优良的耐腐蚀性成为新型轴承材料研发热点。采用旋转弯曲疲劳试验等方法研究了热处理工艺对30Cr15Mo1N高氮不锈轴承钢疲劳性能和裂纹萌生机制的影响。结果表明，试验钢1 050 ℃淬火+180 ℃回火热处理工艺的抗拉强度为1 985.3 MPa、硬度为60.5HRC、疲劳强度为867 MPa，500 ℃回火后硬度与180 ℃相当，抗拉强度为2 257.6 MPa、疲劳强度为1 020 MPa；引起180 ℃回火试样疲劳裂纹萌生的裂纹源主要为基体和夹杂物两类，而引起500 ℃回火试样疲劳裂纹萌生的裂纹源通常为边部缺陷。高温回火对基体组织内部应力集中的降低是其裂纹源类型转变和疲劳性能提高的主要原因。通过对高氮不锈轴承钢疲劳行为与裂纹萌生现象的深入研究，为高氮不锈轴承钢热处理工艺制定及抗疲劳机制研究提供试验与理论基础。

关键词: 30Cr15Mo1N高氮不锈轴承钢, 疲劳性能, 疲劳裂纹萌生