Abstract: The influence of different bottom blowing processes on the flow field and dead zone distribution of molten steel was simulated using Fluent software， taking the 130 ton ladle as the research object.The results showed that when the center distance decreased from 0.65R to 0.50R， the average flow velocity of the molten steel decreased from 0.24 m/s to 0.05 m/s， and the proportion of low flow velocity areas significantly increased. The steel flow at the two wall ends was slow， and the average flow velocity at the interface of slag and molten steel decreased from 0.18 m/s to 0.009 m/s. The proportion of dead zones increased from 7% to 25%， and the overall stirring effect decreased； When the center angle of the permeable brick increased from 85° to 180°， the average flow velocity of the molten steel decreases to 0.09 m/s， the average flow velocity at the interface of slag and molten steel was 0.05 m/s， and the dead zone volume ratio increased to 28%； With the amount of argon blowing increased， the flow rate of the molten steel significantly accelerated， the dead zone volume further decreased， and the mixing time of the molten steel gradually shortened. At 200 L/min， the average flow rate increased to 0.43 m/s， and the average flow rate at the horizontal interface of slag and molten steel was 0.32 m/s. There was no slag entrapment phenomenon， and the mixing time of the molten steel was 300 seconds. In summary， it is determined that the optimal solution is an argon flow rate of 200 L/min for breathable brick 1 and 210 L/min for breathable brick 2.under the following conditions： the diameter of the two breathable bricks is 165 mm， the angle of breathable brick is 85°， the center distance of breathable is 0.65 R， the thickness of slag layer thickness is 100 mm， the thickness of air layer is 400 mm ， and bottom blowing time is 600 s.

Key words: 130 t Ladle, Bottom Blowing Process, Flow Field, Dead Zone Distribution, Simulation

摘要： 以130 t钢包为研究对象，利用Fluent软件模拟研究了不同底吹工艺对钢包内流场及死区的影响。结果表明，当中心距由0.65R减少至0.50R时，钢液平均流速由0.24 m/s下降至0.05 m/s，低流速区域占比显著增加，靠壁端钢液流动缓慢，渣金界面平均流速由0.18 m/s下降至0.009 m/s，死区比例由7%增加至25%，总体搅拌效果下降；当透气砖中心夹角由85°增加至180°时，钢液平均流速下降至0.09 m/s，渣金界面平均流速为0.05 m/s，死区体积比增加至28%；随着吹氩量的增加钢液流速明显加快，死区体积减小，钢液混匀时间逐渐缩短，200 L/min时平均流速增加至0.43 m/s，渣金水平界面流速为0.32 m/s，不发生卷渣现象，钢液混匀时间为300 s。综上，确定两透气砖直径为165 mm，透气砖夹角为85°，透气砖中心距为0.65 R，渣层厚度为100 mm，空气层厚度为400 mm，底吹时间为600 s条件下，透气砖1的氩气流量为200 L/min，透气砖2的氩气流量为210 L/min为最佳方案。

关键词: 130 t钢包, 底吹工艺, 流场, 死区分布, 模拟