最新刊期
卷 34 ， 期 2 ， 2013
- 摘要：The possible equilibrium precipitated phases in a new Ni-25Cr-20Co nickel base superalloy (/% ： 0.03C, 25Cr, 20Co, 0.50Mo, 1.38Al, 1.38Ti, 1.50Nb, others Ni) are analyzed by software Thermo-Cale to get the equilibrium condition diagram of the superalloy and the effect of Al, Ti, Nb and Mo content ( respectively 0.5%-2.5% ) on precipitation behavior of γ′and η phase. Results show that with increasing Al, Ti and Nb content the precipitated amount of γ′ phase in the superalloy increases while the Ti an Nb can promote the precipitation of η phase and enlarge its precipitation temperature range. The Co and Mo have minor influence on both precipitated phases.关键词：Ni-25Cr-20Co Superalloy;γ′ Phase;η Phase;Precipitation Behavior;Thermodynamic Calculation2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The numerical simulation on flow of cooling water in oxygen lance nozzle for a 50 t converter has been carried out by a commercial software Fluent to analyze its flow characteristics through velocity vector diagram of cooling water flow. By simulation and analysis, a new pattern oxygen lance nozzle with cooling water clapboard to simultaneously control cooling water flow, increase cooling efficiency and strength of nozzle section is proposed. Simulation results show that as an independent inlet-back channel in new pattern oxygen lance nozzle, the energy loss due to opposed jet flow impact in cooling water chamber and the flow dead zone in center of nozzle decrease, this structure has better cooling effects to enhance nozzle head central mechanical strength and restrain distortion of lance nozzle head.关键词：50 t Converter;Lance Nozzle;Cooling Water Clapboard;Numerical Simulation2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The three dimensional thermo-mechanical coupling model of temperature field for medium and heavy plate during straightening process is established by finite element software ABAQUS. The temperature distribution and change of temperature of 20 mm plate with initial temperature 520 ℃ and 55 mm plate with initial temperature 605 Y along plate longitudinal ,transverse and thickness direction during straightening process are obtained by simulated calculation and analysis on 0.45 C steel medium and heavy plate, and the effect of plate straightening initial temperature (20 mm plate 420-620 ℃ and 55 mm plate 505-705 ℃) and initial curvature (0.07-0.20) on residual stress in straightened plate is analyzed. Calculated results show that the lower temperature before straightening, the larger residual stress after straightening ； for 520 ℃ 20 mm plate, the temperature of plate after straightening is 505.4 ℃ and the straightening force is 2 161.69 kN, for 605 ℃ 55 mm plate the temperature of plate after straightening is 589.3 °C and the straightening force is 4565.49 kN, their measured values are respectively 507 ℃, 2272.93 kN and 591 Y , 4397.94 kN. It indicated that the error of calculated value is minor.关键词：0.45 C Steel;Medium and Heavy Plate;Straightening Process;Finite Element Simulation;Temperature Field;Residual Stress2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on the penetration theory, a kinetic model for oxygen transfer between molten slag and liquid steel (luring protective gas electroslag remelting process is established, and remelting test of die steel S136 (/% : 0.39C, 0.26Si, 0.43Mn, 0.020P, 0.018S, 13.37Cr, 0.21Mo, 0.34V) by a 50 kg electroslag remelting unit is carried out to get the effect of FeO content in slag - 0 ~ 2.0% (FeO), original oxygen content in liquid steel at the electrode tip- 0 ~ 0.010 0% [ 0] , radius of electrode -40 ~300 mm and remelting rate- (0.5 - 5.0) x 10-6m3/s on transfer rate of oxygen between molten slag and liquid steel. The results show that there is a critical value of (FeO) , as FeO content in slag is lower than the value, the oxygen transfer process is from liquid steel at electrode tip to molten slag, whereas as FeO content is higher than that value, the oxygen transfer process is from molten slag to liquid steel at electrode tip； with increasing the radius of electrode, the liquid steel-molten slag oxygen transfer rate decreases, and with increasing the melting rate and the initial oxygen content in liquid steel, the liquid steel-molten slag oxygen transfer rate increases.关键词：Protective Gas Electroslag Remelting;S136 Die Steel;Oxygen;Transfer rate;Kinetics2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The ultra-low-oxygen content and low rating of inclusions are key indexes for high quality bearing steel. The influence factors on control of ultra-low-oxygen content and nonmetallic inclusions in high quality bearing steel are analyzed including removal of slag during tapping, deoxidation with aluminium, high basicity refining slag, stirring for long time at vacuum or atmosphere, and available process flow sheet. It is obtained that the key factor to produce ultra-clean high quality bearing steel with 5 x 10-6[O] , ≤ 1 x 10-6[ H] and ≤ 12 x 10-6[Ti] is strict control of each steelmaking procedure. The quality of bearing steel produced at home is analyzed and the research orientation for high-quality bearing steel is put forward.关键词：High-Quality Bearing Steel;Ultra-Low Oxygen;Nonmetallic Inclusion;Steelmaking Process2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The origin of calcium treatment of molten steel in ladle and adding calcium method as well as developed gas rotary feeding wire lance and high-density cored-wire with elliptic section are presented in this article. It is suggested that using the experience of welded pipe forming machine the technical revamp of cored-wire machine shall be carried out at cored-wire forming enterprises and machine manufacture enterprises to produce elliptic cored-wire forming machine and change the cylinder face gear for feeding wire to the arc tough gear for feeding wire； and at steel works the stroke of mobile guide tube in feeding process should be increased to achieve the feeding wire calcium treatment in molten steel.关键词：Calcium Treatment;Wire Feeder;Wire-Feeding Lance;Cored-Wire;Elliptic Section2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of reduction of diameter, reduction of wall thickness, feed angle, tube diameter/wall thickness (d/t) and rotating speed of roll on diameter expanding amount (Δd), degree of non -homogeneous wall thickness (Δt) and axial slide factor (ηo) for rolling steel 20Cr tube is studied during Assel mill rolling process. The roll shape for rolling Φ70 mm x 3 mm 20Cr steel tube is designed. Commercial production results show that with Φ76.3-76.6 mm x 7.89-8.36 mm shell, Assel mill rolling parameters- throat diameter 58 mm, mandrel diameter 52 mm, feed angle 15°, rotating speed 200 r/min the rolled Φ70 mm x 3 mm 20Cr steel tube meets the requirement of standard.关键词：Assel Mill;Alloy Structural Steel;Φ70 mm x3 mm Steel Tube;Rolling Parameters;Design of Optimum Roll Shape3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Using temary-quadratic orthogonal design method the viscosities of CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3quaternary refining slag series with basicity (CaO/SiO2) 1.2-6.0, MgO 1.9%-6.0% and Al2O36%-29.1% are measured and studied by using comprehensive meter for melt properties. Test results show that the viscosities of quaternary slag series at 1500 ℃ are 0.129-4.612 Pa·s； with increasing basicity the viscosity of refining slag series decreases slightly at beginning then increases quickly ； with increasing MgO content the viscosity of slag series decreases remarkably at first then increases slightly and with increasing Al2O3content the viscosity of slag series decreases rapidly. It is obtained by synthetical study that the refining slag series with basicity 4-5, MgO 4.5%-5.5% and Al2O324%-27% have suitable viscosity (≤ 1.0 Pa·s) which have better fluidity to promote slag-metal reaction, increase ability of absorption of inclusions and create a favorable condition for desulphurization.关键词：CaO-MgO-SiO2-Al2O3精炼渣系;正交回归;黏度;组分2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The process flow sheet for pilot commercial production of free cutting steel SY12SnS (/% : 0.08-0.16C, ≤0.15Si, 1.00-l.30Mn, 0.03-0.07P, 0.15-0.25S, 0.12-0.18Sn) is 100 t DC EAF-LF-195 mm x 195 mm CC- CR (finished product-Φ8 mm). Results show that total amount of large scale inclusions in casting billet of free cutting steel SY12SnS is 4.72 mg/10 kg, HB hardness value o£ rolled products is 134-141, and the tensile strength, elongation and reduction of area of steel are respectively 490-503 MPa, 21.8%-25.0% and 55.4%-56.1% , and the steel has nice turning performance.关键词：易切削钢SY12SnS;100 t DC EAF-LF-CC-连轧工艺;夹杂物;切削性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 10 μm FeS sulphurizing layer forms on surface of 0.45 C steel by low temperature electrolytic sulphurizing process in salt bath of 75% KSCN +25% NaSCN + 0.9% K3Fe( CN)6+0.1% K4Fe( CN)6+ 2.5% NH4SCN with positive electrode 0.45C steel and negative electrode high chromium stainless steel, 1 volt at 190 ℃ ±5 ℃ for 20 min, and its friction and wear behavior is studied by M-2000 friction and wear test machine, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. Results show that better quality FeS sulphurizing layer surface of 0.45 C steel could be get by low-temperature electrolytic sulphurizing process and the FeS layer can obviously reduce the friction and wear of 0. 5C steel; in condition of dry friction the friction factor of sulphurizing surface is 60% of that of non-sulphurizing surface and in condition of oil lubrication the friction factor of sulphurizing surface is 70% of that of non-sulphurizing surface; and in definite load range with increasing the load the reducing friction and wear effect of FeS layer increases.关键词：45钢;低温电解渗硫;FeS渗硫层;减磨性5|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：With using process measures including quality hot metal, catch carbon practice to control top and bottom combined blown converter end [C] ≥ 0.20% , [Als]≥ 0.030% before adding slag making materials in LF refining, refining slag (FeO + MgO) ≤ 1.0% , RH ≤ 100 Pa refining ≥ 15 min, extend of overheating of liquid in casting ≤ 30 ℃ , mold electromagnetic stirring and dynamic light reduction at solidification front, the average T[O] in bearing steel GCr15 produced at Bensteel is ≤8 x 10-6[Ti] ≤25 x 10-6[Ca] ≤ 10 x 10-6the rating of center porosity bloom is 0.5-1.0, the rating of shrinkage cavity is 0-1.0 and the ratio of equiaxed zone is 41.5%-43.2%.关键词：150 t顶底复吹转炉;350 mm x470 mm连铸;轴承钢2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In according with issue of central segregation of 250 mm x 2 000 mm slab of steel Q345 (/% : 0.14-0.18C, 0.20-0.50Si, 1.30-1.50Mn, ≤ 0.025P, ≤ 0.025S, 0.015-0.060A), a solidification heat transfer mathematical model is established, and verified and modified by nail shooting test to study the effect of secondary cooling intensity (light, middle and strong) and casting speed (0.80-1.10 m/min) on casting slab temperature field and shell thickness, and optimize the soft reduction process and correspondent casting parameters. Results show that with typical casting speed 0. 95 m/min and light cooling scheduling, the final solidification point of slab is 23.43 m, the length of mushy (liquid-solidified phase) zone is 7.22 m； with decreasing the secondary cooling intensity, the final solidifying point extends 0.56-0.67 m and the length of mushy zone increases by 0.25-0.29 m； with increasing casting speed by 0.15 m/min, the final. solidifying point extends 3. 45 ~3. 90 m while the length of mushy zone increases by 0.94-1.22 m； with optimized light cooling schedule, casting speed 0. 95 m/min, solidified fraction, 0.4-0.9 at soft reduction zone, and total reduction amount 6mm, the qualified percentage for ≤ I ratting central segregation of slab of steel Q345 increases to 98.0% from original 83.1%.关键词：Steel Q345;250 mm x 2 000 mm Slab;Casting;Mathematical Model;Final Solidifying Point;Central Segregation3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flow sheet for test low carbon Al-killed steel (/% : 0.036-0.037C, 0.009Si, 0.173-0.176Mn, 0.012-0.013P, 0.005-0.006S) at steel works is 200 t LD converter-ladle blowing argon (LB Ar) -230 mm x 1 300 mm slab casting process. With slag stopping at LD converter tapping, adding Mn-Fe and aluminium bullet to deoxidizing and alloying for 3 min, the liquid T[O] and [N] are respectively 91.8 x 10-6and 19.4 x 10-6blowing argon with flow rate 25-45 m3/h for 10-12 min then soft blowing argon with 15-25 m3/h for 3-5 min in ladle at argon station, the T[O] decreases to 42.3 x 10-6and the [N] is 22.0 x 10-6in tundish liquid and in slab the T[OJ is respectively 38.3 x 10-6and 28.9 x 10-6and the [N] is respectively 23.6 x 10-6and 26.5 x 10-6. The slab produced by this flow sheet meets the internal control requirement i. e. T[O] ≤ 30 x 10-6. After refining at argon station the amount of micro-inclusions in steel decreases by 30.0%, while the amount of large inclusions decreases by 58.7% ； the micro-inclusions in steel are mainly deoxidation product A12O3while the large inclusions in steel are mainly SiO2Al2O3SiO2-Al2O3and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3.关键词：Low Carbon Al-Killed Steel;LD-LBAr-CC Flow Sheet;Ladle Blowing Argon;Cleanliness;Inclusions2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of 0. 000 5% ~Q. 001 2% Mg on inclusion formation and solidification structure of ferrite stainless steel 430 (/% : 0.04C, 0.25-0.32Si, 0.28-0.38Mn, 16.5-16.9Cr) melting by a 60 kg vacuum induction furnace has been tested and studied. Results show that with adding magnesium alloy in liquid steel 430 the size of MgO compound inclusions in steel decreases while their number and density are increase； adding magnesium alloy is available io improve the solidification structure of steel 430 and the lower the casting temperature the more obvious the improved effect, for instance with casting at 1 580 ℃ the equiaxed zone ratio of magnesium-treated steel increases to 88.5% from 30.8% of non-treated normal steel while the correspondent equiaxed grain size decreases to 945.3 μm from 1741.6 μm. The planar dis-registry between inclusions containing MgO and δ phase is minor, it is an effective heterogeneous nucleation agent to promote the formation of equiaxed crystal and inhibit the growth of columnar crystal, finally fine the solidification structure of casting steel 430.关键词：430铁素体不锈钢;镁处理;夹杂物;凝固组织6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Effect of (/% ：) 0.023Alsol,0.035Alsol、, 0.018~0.019Alsol-0.012~0.014Ti and 0.019~0.020Alsol-0.031 ~0.032Nb microalloying on mixed grain size of Φ120 mm case hardened steel ZF7 (% ： 0.18~0.20C, 0.22~0.25Si, 1.22~1.30Mn, 0.008~0.016P, 0.019~0.029S, 1.19~1.25Cr, 0.0018~0.0022B) produced by 60 t BOF-LF-VD-300 mm x 360 mm CC-continuous rolling process and heated at 930 °C has been studied. Results show that with heat treatment condition at 930 °C for 7.5 h, as Alsolcontent in steel is 0.035% , there is no mixed grain size occurred in steel ZF7, but in steel ZF7 microalloying with (/% ：) 0.023Alsol, 0.018 〜0.019Alsol-0.012~0.014Ti or 0.019~0.020Alsol-0.031 ~0.032Nb the phenomena of mixed grain size occurs in steel, it is indicated that the steel has sufficient Alsolcontent is key factor to avoid mixed grain size occurring in steel ZF7.关键词：ZF7渗碳钢;Alsol、Ti、Nb;微合金化;混晶3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of 4 group P-B content (/% : 0.076-0.110P, 0-0.0052B) on recrystallization textures, strength, elongation, work hardening exponent (n) and plastic strain ratio (r) of Ti-IF steel (/% : 0.001-0.003C, 0.06 -0.08Si, 0.32-0.38Mn, 0.002-0.008S, 0.036-0.076Ti, 0.0020-0.0040N) 0.75 mm cold rolled sheet after annealing at 810 ℃ for 120 s air cooling has been studied by using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique etc. Results show that all annealed Ti-IF steels with 4 group P-B content have fully recrystallized to get polygonal ferrite with main texture components {111} <112> and {111} <110>. As higher P content (0.110% ) and lower B content (0.0006% ) the strength of steel is higher (tensile strength 387.5 MPa, Yield strength 260 MPa) but the r value is lower (1.5)； as with suitable P and B content (0.089% P and 0.0052% B) , the strength and r value are all higher (tensile strength 367.3 MPa, yield strength 201.5 MPa and r value 1.95).关键词：High Strength Ti-IF Steel;Phosphorus;Boron;Recrystallization Texture;Mechanical Properties2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The behavior of dynamic recrystallization of alloy tool steel SKS51 (/% : 0.78C, 0.20Si, 0.40Mn, 1.5Ni, 0.30Cr) in single pass hot compression test with strain rate 0.1 ~ 10 s-1at 850-1 000 ℃ is studied by using Gleeble-1500 thermo-mechanical simulator. Results show that the dynamic recrystallization of steel SKS51 more easily occurs with lower strain rate at higher deformation temperature ； by regression analysis the deformation activation energy and stress exponent of dynamic recrystallization of steel are respectively 336. 97 kJ/mol and 4.26, and based on this foundation the peak strain(εp), stable strain (εs) and critical strain (εc) model are established.关键词：Alloy Tool Steel SKS51;Single Pass Hot Compression Test;Dynamic Recrystallization;True Stress- True Strain Curves6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of solid solution treatment at 1000-1200 °C for 1-3 h, quenching or air cooling on δ- ferrite transformation in 200 mm x 1 250 mm casting slab of ultra-low carbon austenite stainless steel 00Cr24Ni13 (/% ： ≤ 0.02C, 23-25Cr, 13-14Ni) has been studied. Results show that with increasing solid solution temperature and extending holding time the amount of 8- ferrite in slab decreases ； with increasing solid solution temperature the network of δ-ferrite in casting slab is broken and coarsened ； air cooling promotes the grown 8-ferrite at higher temperature transforming to smaller granular structure, and as casting slab sample solid solution treats at 1 200 ℃ for 3 h and cools in air the network 8-ferrite in slab sample completely transforms to dispersed less than 10 μm granular ferrite structure and the 8-ferrite phase proportion also decreases from 14.3% to 7.3%. Relative to granular ferrite the two phase interface of austenite and ferrite for network δ-ferrite structure is easily to form crack during rolling.关键词：奥氏体不锈钢00Cr24Ni13;固溶处理;δ铁素体转变2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Influence of cold rolling reduction (65%-80% ) and annealing temperature (660-780 ℃ ) on structure, mechanical properties and formability of a Ti-IF steel (/% : 0.02C, 0.012Si, 0.10Mn, 0.013P, 0.011S, 0.064Ti, 0.0020N) has been studied by orthogonal experimental method. Test results show that with annealing at ≥ 700 ℃ the recrystallization of Ti-IF steel is basically completed t with reduction 75% and annealing at 700 °C the steel has better comprehensive properties i. e. yield strength 120 MPa, yield-tensile ratio 0.38, strain-hardening exponent n value 0.25 and plastic strain ratio r value 1.65.关键词：Ti-IF钢;冷轧压下量;退火温度;成形性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The test steel Mn18Cr18N (0.03C, 19.25Cr, 17.96Mn, 0.59N) is melted by an 100 kg pressured vacuum induction furnace, forged breakdown and rolled to 12mm plate. With using Gleeble 3800 thermal simulation machine the effect of temperature (750-1150 ℃) and deformation (15%-60%) on microhardness and structure of high nitrogen steel Mnl8Crl8N is studied to get a recrystallization diagram of the high nitrogen steel. Test results show that in non-crystallization region with increasing temperature at definite strain, the microhardness of high nitrogen steel Mn18Cr18N decreases slowly, but decreases quickly in part-recrystallization region, finally again decreases slowly in complete recrystallization region ； in complete recrystallization region the main strengthening mechanism is grain refining strengthening and the microhardness value and average grain size are in accordance with Hall-Petch experienced formula ； in non-recrystallization region the strain strengthening is major strengthening mechanism ； and the effect of strain strengthening in non-crystallization region is higher than that in recrystallization region.关键词：高氮奥氏体不锈钢;热变形;显微硬度;再结晶2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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