最新刊期
卷 34 ， 期 1 ， 2013
- 摘要：The numerical simulation of flow field and temperature field in casting mold for wide slab at Ma' anshan Steel has been carried out by established a three-dimensional model using Fluent software, and the effect of immersion depth of nozzle (150 ~ 190 mm), angle of side hole of nozzle (- 10° ~ - 16°), ratio of cross-section area of side-hole to inside-hole (2. 2 ~ 3. 2) on liquid flow in 230 mm x 1 800 mm mold with casting rate 0. 9 m/s is analyzed by orthogonal experiment method. Study results show that the influence of immersion depth of nozzle and side angle on mold liquid surface wave F number and thickness of solidified shell is significant. The optimum technology parameters of submerged nozzle for casting 230 mm x 1 800 mm slab are submerged depth of nozzle 170 mm, angle of nozzle side-hole 13° and ratio of crosssectional area of side-hoie to inside-hole 2. 7.关键词：板坯连铸;结晶器浸入式水口;流场;温度场;数值模拟2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of argon blowing rate (150 ~450 IVmin) and argon blowing location at ladle bottom (ladle center to 3/4 radius of submerged snorkel) on average flow rate at metal-slag interface in 130 t single snorkel furnace with desulphurizing top slag is simulated by Fluent software and VOF model. Results show that the suitable blowing location is at 1/2 radius (R) of submerged snorkel, the average flow rate at metal-slag interface increases with increasing blowing rate, with definite blowing rate and blowing at 1/2R the average flow rate at interface is maximum, and only as blowing location is﹥ 1/2R, the effect of blowing location has obvious effect on variation of slag phase volume fraction at interface.关键词：单嘴精炼炉;钢渣界面;流场;数值模拟3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In order to study the solid-phase reduction process of CaW04and Si at low temperature during steelmaking process by direct alloying, the thermo-analysis experiments on CaWO4and Si powder mixture have been carried out by using differential thermal analyzer with constant heating rate 10 T/min, the reaction products and reaction ratio of CaWO2and Si pellets at 1 400 ℃ for 30 min are analyzed by high temperature furnace constant temperature test and combined with melting point measure test the behavior of physical change of pellets in heating process is analyzed. Experimental results show that the reduction reactions of CaW04 and Si occurred at less than 1 400℃ are all solid-phase reaction, the products of reaction are W, WSi2W5Si3Ca3( Si309) and SiO2the reduction ratio of CaW04pellets at 1 400 °C for 30 min is up to 93.41% , and during solid-phase reaction process the CaO could not increase the reaction rate； with condition of constant heating rate at less than 1 400℃the apparent reaction of CaW04and Si conforms to Avarami -Erofeev equation, the mech-anism of reaction is random nucleation and subsequent growth, and the apparent reaction dynamical equation is da/dt = 11.68e-51.75x103/RT.4( 1 - a) [ - ln( 1 - a)]3/4关键词：钨酸钙;硅还原;固相反应;热分析;动力学2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The casting flow sheet for slab of L245, D36 and X70 etc steel grades is metal pretreatment-100 t converter-LF-RH-250 ~320 x 2 000 mm slab casting. As temperature of charging casting slab is 650 〜700 °C , because of AIN precipitates at grain boundary the claw-cracks of steel plate easily occur, and as the temperature of charging slab is controlled at 500 ~ 550 V. the claw-cracks of steel plate are avoided. The numerical simulation on temperature field and temperature dropping rate of staking slab has been carried out by ANSYS finite element method software. The model calculation results show that as 250 mm slab and 320 mm slab are respectively stacked for 12 h and 24 h, the surface temperature of slab at centre of stacking is less than 600 ℃, and the measured value at production situation conforms to the simulation result.关键词：连铸坯;堆垛缓冷;热送;有限元;数值模拟2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In recent decades, advanced high strength steel (AHSS) for car is focal point of research and development work for materials. Strength -elongation product of 1st generation AHSS steel with ferrite matrix is 15 GPa • % , and the strength -elongation product of 2nd generation AHSS steel with austenite matrix is 50 GPa , % , its higher alloy content and harder control of process lead to high production cost, therefore the 3rd generation AHSS steel with multi-phase is developed by multi-phase, metastable and multi-size structure fine control to get strength-elongation product 30 GPa . % . The research and development of 3rd generation AHSS steel is carried out by both field of increasing 1 st generation AHSS steel strength and elongation and decreasing 2nd generation AHSS steel alloy content and production cost. The progress of research and development of 3rd generation AHSS steel is presented in this article including extra-fine DP (dual phase) steel, modified TRIP (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel, Quenching & Partitioning (Q&P) steel, ultra-fine grain bainite steel, rapid heating and cooling bainite-ferrite-martensite steel, high manganese ferrite-austenite steel and medium manganese metastable austenite-ultra-fine grain matrix steel.关键词：第3代先进高强钢;汽车;研发;进展2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The carburizing temperature of common gear steels is 930 °C, as the carburizing temperature of steel increases to 1 000 ~ 1 050 °C the time of carburization process can be remarkably reduced but it easily leads to grain coarsening. Therefore, the high temperature carburization gear steels are developed by Nb, Ti, B microalloying to fine original austenite grain size in steel. The research progress in gear steels for high temperature carburization at home and abroad including grade and chemical composition, process characteristics, control of structure in high temperature carburized layer and fatigue properties of steel is presented in this article.关键词：齿轮钢;高温渗碳;微合金化;细化晶粒;疲劳极限;研究进展2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Steelmaking flow sheet for GCrl5 bearing steel is 80 t top and bottom combined blowing converter-LF refi- ning-VD-180 mm x 220 mm CC process. The effect of CaO-SiO2-Al203-CaF2-MgO refining slag series with basicity 3 ~ 8 on metallurgy quality of high quality GCrl5 bearing steel (/% ： 0. 95 ~ 1. 05C, 0. 15 ~0. 35Si, 0. 25 ~0. 45Mn, 1. 40 ~ 1,65Cr, W0. 025P, W0. 025S, WO.001 2[ 0]) is studied. Commercial production results show that with using 5. 8 basicity refining slag (/% : 50 ~55CaO, 6 ~ 12SiO215A12O310CaF2W0. 5FeO, W8MgO) , it is available to decrease the oxygen content and inclusions in steel, the oxygen content in GCrl5 bearing steel is (5 ~9) x 10-6average oxygen content is 5. 6 x 10-6the sulphur content in steel is 0. 005% ~ 0. 009% , and the rating of inclusion in steel is 0 ~ 0. 5.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flow sheet for X65 etc. clean pipeline steel at Tianjin Pipe is 100 I UHP EAF-LF-RH- Φ310 ~Φ500 mm CC process. With using the process measures including charging 35% 〜40% hot metal in arc furnace, controlling slag amount no less than 22 kg/1 at Al consumption 1. 85 kg/t, controlling refining slag index ( CaO/SiO2/ Al2O3) 0. 18 〜0. 32. RH powder injection for desulphurization, EAF end [C]≥0. 05%, phosphorus content in melting down liquid ≤0.005% , prolonging foaming slag maintaining time, RH high vacuum treated time ≥10 min, soft stirring for 10 ~ 15 min after calcium treatment and using high basicity shielding agent in tundish, the cleanliness of l0MnVNbMo etc seamless steel tube of X65 pipeline steel is ≤0. 001 %S, ≤0. 008% P, ≤75 x 10-6N, ≤20 x 10-6O, and ≤l. 5 x 10-6H.6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on production data and practice of 30 t VOD unit at the second steelmaking plant, FuSteel, the - effect of initial liquid temperature on yield of chromium, oxygen utilization ratio and oxygen consumption during VOD refining process is analyzed. Results show that in condition of VOD oxygen browning, with increasing initial liquid temperature, it is available to increase Cr yield and decrease oxygen consumption ；in order to obtain better refining effect as the requirement of carbon content in stainless steel is respectively ≤0. 30%, ≤0. 03% and ≤0. 01%, the temperature of liquid before VOD refining should be respectively ≥1 600 °C, 1 650°C and 1 670 °C ； in order to decrease accident of splashing and overflowing, the initial temperature of liquid should be ≥l 580 °C, and to reduce consumption of refractory the initial temperature of liquid should be ≤1 720 °C.关键词：VOD;不锈钢;钢水温度;铬收得率;氧利用率;喷溅和溢钢2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In view of the problem of insufficient capacity of cooling bed with increasing output of rolling mill products, the through-water cooling unit for rolled bar is installed. Production results show that for HRB335 Φ16 mm hot-rolled ribbed steel bar (/%: 0. 20C, 0. 20 〜0. 40Si, 0. 4 ~ 1. 2Mn), with original finishing rolling speed 10. 5 -11.0 m/s, the beginning temperature of steel bar at cooling bed is 1 020 ~ 1 050 °C, the yield, tensile strength and elongation of ribbed bar are respectively 342 MPa, 520 MPa and 16. 5% ； and after using through-water cooling system, the finishing rolling speed increases to 11.5 ~ 12. 0 m/s, the beginning temperature of steel bar at cooling bed decreases to 880 ~ 900 °C and at outlet of cooling bed the temperature of bar is 260 °C, the yield, tensile strength and elongation of ribbed bar increase respectively to 360 MPa, 556 MPa and 16. 9%, and the productivity of mill increases by 3% - 5%.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 150t ladle furnace (LF) refining main steels are beam steels for car and wheel steels etc, with production flow sheet 150 t converter-150 t LF-slab casting-continuous rolling. With decreasing the 150t LF average initial slag basicity form 3. 4 to 2. 1 and increasing the Ca wire average feeding rate from 4. 0 m/s to 4. 7 m/s, the initial slag flowability is obviously improved, the Al consumption decreases by 0. 15 kg/1 and the yield of calcium increases by 17% ； with optimizing the power supply scheme the electricity consumption decreases by 2. 5 kWh/s in heating period and the heating-up rate of liquid increases by 0. 93℃ /min.关键词：150t LF;精炼;初渣碱度;供电制度;优化2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Type, morphology and ingredient of inclusions in stainless steel 304 (/%: 0. 03 ~0. 04C, 0. 39 ~0. 41 Si, L20~1.23Mn, 0. 014 ~0. 016P, 0.001 ~0.002S, 7.95 〜8.00Ni, 18. 06 ~ 18. 20Cr, 0.003 ~ 0. 004Al, 0 〜0.002Ti) during 110 t AOD-LF-tundish-160 mm slab casting-hot rolling strip coil process have been studied by SEM, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and analysis by electrolysis. Results show that the 5 ~ 10 μm spheroidal SiO2-CaO-MgO-Al203type inclusions occur in each steelmaking process, while the 20 μm MnO-Cr2O3inclusions form in tapping process of AOD, part of which is removed in LF refining process, and they less occur in liquid in tundish and in normal casting slab, but the MnO-Cr2O3inclusions easily occur in two heats sequence-casting slab, the size of MnO-Cr2O3inclusion in hot-rolled strip coil is≤5μm. Electrolytic analysis results show that the inclusion amount in two heats sequence-casting slab (4. 65 mg/ 10 kg) increases by 51% as compared with that in normal casting slab (3. 08 mg/10 kg).4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The chemical ingredient, physical-chemical properties and crystallized mineralogical phases of mold flux and slag rim for 200 mm slab of high aluminium non-magnetic steel 20Mn23AlV (% ： 0. 14 ~ 0. 20C, 21. 50 ~ 25.OOMn, 1. 50 ~2.50Al, 0. 04 ~0. 10V) during concasting has been compared and analyzed. The ingredient of mold original flux is (/%) 31.91CaO, 30. 30SiO26.58A12O31. 12MgO, 3.02MnO, 7. 73Na2O, 7. 10F. Results show that after starting casting in 15 min, the SiO2content in mold flux and in slag rim respectively decreases to 22% and 18% , the Al203content in that respectively increases to 20. 5% and 25. 5%, and the basicity of that increases from 1. 05 of original flux respectively to 1. 7 and 2. 0 ； this moment the melting temperature and viscosity of mold liquid flux and slag rim increase obviously while the break temperature decreases markedly ； the change range of ingredient and physico-chemical properties of slag rim are all larger than that of mold liquid flux； and as casting for more than 15 min, the ingredient and properties of mold liquid flux and slag rim tend to stability. The precipitation of high melting-point phase gehlenite is an important cause to form the slag rim in mold.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of final electromagnetic stirring (F-EMS) (160 A/4 Hz 〜280 A/8 Hz), temperature of liquid in tundish (1 500 〜1 542 ℃), casting speed (1.7 ~ 1. 9 m/min) and secondary cooling water ratio (0. 7 ~ 1. 1 L/kg) on center carbon segregation of 150 mm x 150 mm billet of 82B steel (/%: 0. 81C, 0. 76Mn, 0. 25Si, 0. 2Cr) with mold electromagnetic stirring (M-EMS) 240 A/4 Hz has been tested and studied. Results show that in condition without using FEMS, with decreasing overheat extent of liquid in tundish and casting speed, and increasing secondary cooling water ratio, the center carbon segregation index of billet decreases ； and in condition with using F-EMS with optimized parameter 160 A/ 6 Hz the carbon segregation of billet of 82B steel is minimum, that is 1. 02.关键词：82B钢;小方坯;末端电磁搅拌;连铸工艺参数;中心碳偏析2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The low silicon high purity fluorite ball (80% -90% CaF2≤8. 0% SiO2) is developed by new fluorite ball process technology at Fogang Deyu Fluorite Bail Co. Due to high CaF2 content, low chalking ratio, damp-proof, increasing smelting slag speed to shorten steelmaking period, it is widely used in steelmaking of stainless steels. The results of refining stainless steel such as steel 304 (0Crl8Ni8) by 18 ~60 t AOD units show that as compared with common fluorite mine (75% CaF2）the consumption of fluorite ball decreases by 20% ~ 30%, the lime consumption decreases by 0 ~ 10% and the steelmaking time reduces 0 ~ 15 min.关键词：低硅高纯萤石球;不锈钢冶炼;应用2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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Effect of Annealing Temperature on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-rolled 0.14C-5Mn Steel
摘要：The 0. 14C-5Mn steel (/%: 0. 14C, 5. OMn, 0. 008P, 0. 002S, 0. 003 ON) is melted by a 50 kg vacuum induction furnace and roiled to 4 mm pate (finishing temperature 1 000 °C, air cooling). The structure and mediatic properties of 4 mm plate of 0. 14C-5Mn steel annealed at 550 ~ 650 °C for 6h are studied by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis and uniaxial tensile test. Results show that the austenite is produced in annealing process of 0. 14C-5Mn steel (occurring transformation-induced plasticity-TRIP effect), and with increasing annealing temperature the volume fraction of austenite increases and the elongation and product of tensile strength to elongation increase obviously. With annealing at 650 °C for 6 li the austenite fraction in steel is up to 30. 11%, the tensile strength of steel is 945 MPa and the product of tensile strength to elongation is 37. 3 GPa%.关键词： 0.14C-5Mn钢;退火;奥氏体;逆相变;力学性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21 - 摘要：The tested austenitic stainless steel 304JI (/%:≤0. 08C, ≤1.70Si, ≤3.OOMn, 15 〜18Cr, 6 〜9Ni, 1 〜3Cu) is melted by a 10 kg vacuum induction furnace, forged to Φ40 mm bar and solid-solution heat-treated at 1 080 °C for 10 min, water cooling. The effect of 0. 05% 〜2. 52% Cu on mechanical properties of test steel (/%: 0. 054 ~ 0. 068C, 0. 45 〜0. 63Si, 1. 82 ~ 1. 95Mn, 17. 26 〜17. 62Cr, 6. 42 〜6. 49Ni) has been tested and studied, and the temperature formed 50% martensite in 30% cold deformation process* cold working induced martensite transformation point Md30,the stacking fault energy (SFE) and the deep drawing cup value (CUP) of test 304J1 steel and deep drawing steel 304DDQ (/% ：0. 04C, 0. 32Si, 1.17Mn, 18.11Cr, 8. 66Ni) are compared and analyzed. It is obtained that as copper content in steel 304JI is 1. 50%, the matching of ambient mechanical properties, cold working plasticity, deep drawing performance and economy is best and the commercial production shows that the deep drawing value of 0. 27 mm sheet of 1. 50% Cu 304JI steel is '13 mm that is about equal to the deep drawing value of 304DDQ steel.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The single pass compression test of关键词：SWRCH22A冷镦钢;单道次热压缩;模拟试验;流动应力;动态再结晶4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Tested steel 18CrNiMo7-6 (/%: 0. 17C, 0. 59Mn, 0. 24Si, 1.56Ni, 1.71Cr, 0. 28Mo) is a case-hardening steel for gear, it is required that the structure of normalized steel is ferrite + pearlite and has lower HB hardness value. The higher hardness bainite structure is easily obtained in steel 18CrNiMo7-6 after continuous cooling. The tested results by high temperature chamber electric resistance furnace in laboratory show that with 870 〜900 °C 1 h-640 ~ 660°C 4 h furnace cooling to 300 °C air cooling the structure of steel is ferrite + pearlite + bainite with HB hardness value 340 ~ 350, while with 870 -900 X. 1 h, 30 Y/h cooling to 640 ~660 °C furnace cooling to 300 °C air cooling the structure of steel is ferrite + pearlite with HB hardness value 190 ~ 210. The commercial production test results show that with 900 °C 10 h, ≤30°C /h cooling to 650 °C 25 h, then 30 °C/h cooling to 500 °C air cooling for 30 t Φ180 mm finished forged products the structure of steel 18CrNiMo7-6 has ferrite + pearlite structure.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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