最新刊期
卷 36 ， 期 2 ， 2015
- 摘要：The production process of 0. 88% Si non-oriented silicon steel is adding 300 kg lime in tapping of 100 t BOF, controlling end [C] 0.035%-0.05% and tapping liquid temperature 1640-1650 °C , RH blowing oxygen to decarburize ,adding 99.0% Al-Fe alloy 6.69 kg/t and adding 70%Si-Fe alloy 15.70 kg/t in RH refining process, in whole process shield-atmosphere casting 70 mm slab, and using magnesia basic tundish shielding agent. Analysis results show that RH end [O] is 28 x 10-6slab [O] is 22 x 10-6RH beginning [N] is 16 x 10-6nitrogen content in liquid increases by 4 x 10-6during RH process and the nitrogen content in steel increases by 6 x 10-6during end RH to slab casting process ； at end RH decarburization the main inclusions in steel are sphericalMnO·Al2O3after RH Refining the main inclusions in steel are irregularAl2O3accompanied by a small amount CaS inclusions ； the main inclusions in liquid of tundish are irregularAl2O3in casting slab the most inclusions are irregularAl2O3with a small amount of AIN and minor composite inclusions containing Na caused by slag enclosure in mold.关键词：100 t Top and Bottom Combined Blowing Converter-RH-70 mm Slab Flowsheet;0. 88% Si Non-Oriented Silicon Steel;T[O];[N];Behavior of Inclusions in Steel2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The liquid flow field and temperature field at center, nozzle surface and outlet of 420 mm x 1100 mm slab casting mold without injecting argon have been calculated by using FLUENT software, while distribution characters of liquid flow field and temperature field of mold with injeeting argon are calculated to optimize and get the optimum argon injecting flowrate of 3 L/min in mold. The test results in situ show that with injecting argon the distribution of liquid slag layer in mold is reasonable, the circulation of steel flow is better and the liquid surface is stable, as a result the crack rejection rate of casting slab decreases by 15%.关键词：板坯;结晶器;吹氩;流场;温度场;数值模拟2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to the prototype of 100 t ladle with single nozzle bottom-blowing argon, the flow status of liquid in ladle during argon blowing process is simulated by using three dimensional continuity equation, momentum N-S equation and turbulence K-e double equations. The numerical simulation on single nozzle argon blowing (0-700 L/min) process has been carried out by sing Mixture multiphase flow model and the liquid flow status and the phenomenon of slag entrapment at liquid surface in ladle before and after immersing cylinder with diameter 691.05 mm and immersing depth 650 mm are compared and analyzed. Results show that without immersed cylinder the critical slag entrapment argon blowing rate is 102 L/min, while with immerged cylinder the critical slag entrapment argon blowing rate increases to 217 L/min, immerged cylinder may increase liquid stirring effect with increasing argon blowing rate to accelerate liquid mixing.关键词：100t钢包;底吹氩;浸渍管;卷渣2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Influence of nozzle side-hole divergence angle (0-12°) on argon bubble behavior and flow field of liquid in mould for 230 mm x 1 300 mm slab has been studied by using discrete phase model, and verified by water model test. Results show that increasing nozzle divergence angle can significantly reduce the impact depth and floating area of argon bubbles at free surface of liquid ； especially with divergence angle 9°, the flow field in mould is better and the free surface of liquid is smaller, it is available to remove the inclusions in liquid and reduce the probability of slag entrapment. The double strands 230 mm slab commercial casting results show that as compared with second strand slab without divergence angle nozzle the occurrence of slag entrapment ratio of first strand slab with installed divergence angle 9° nozzle decreases by 5.9%-14.8%.关键词：板坯连铸;水口扩张角;数值模拟;水模型;吹氩2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The temperature change of 325 mm X 280 mm casting bloom of bearing steel GCr15 during process including casting, holding conveying, stacking cooling and heating in heating furnace has been studied by using numerical simulation method and temperature-measuring in situ. Results show that with bloom out of withdrawal and straightening device during conveying process by single roller way, the difference of cooling rate at different parts of casting bloom is larger i. e. the cooling rate at comer 10 ℃/min, surface 7.1 ℃/min and core of bloom 4.6 ℃/min, while the difference of cooling rate at different parts of casting bloom is smaller during conveying process with holding pot ( comer 4 °C /min, surface 2.9 ℃/min and core 1.67 ℃/min) and during stacking cooling period, therefore to shorten the remaining time at tail of caster is available to avoid tiny cracks caused by uneven cooling. As compared by cold charging, the heating time of bloom shall be decreased by 20 min by hot charging process.关键词：325 mm x280 mm Casting Bloom;Bearing Steel GCr15;Temperature;Holding Conveying;Stacking Cooling;Heating;Numerical Simulation;Measuring in Situ2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to the status of serious wearing of rough mill roller during 240 mm X 240 mm bloom of bearing steel GCr15 at rolling mill, the effect of stock reduction amount, roll hardness, thermal conductivity and friction factor at a time of forming pass on roll wearing rule has been simulated and analyzed by using Archard wear mathematical model. The simulated results show that the higher the hardness of roll, the stronger the roll wear resistance; the effect of thermal conductivity on wearing of roll is minor； as friction factor f＞0.25, the effect of friction factor on change of wearing of roll is obvious; as stock reduction amount △h＜50 mm , the effect of stock reduction amount on wearing of roll is also obvious. Based on obtained results, combined with rolling process in situ and material of roll, with the measures including modifying the used spheroidal graphite I roll [tensile strength≥400 MPa, HRC hardness 40, thermal conductivity 18 kW/(m2·℃ ) and friction factor/=0.3] to spheroidal graphite II roll [ tensile strength 3500 MPa, HRC hardness 45 , thermal conductivity 17 kW/(m2·℃) and friction factor/=0.2] , and decreasing the reduction amount from 70 mm to 50 mm, the rolling steel amount by single groove of roll increases from 10000 t before optimization to 18000-20000 t after optimization.关键词：GCr15 Steel;240 mm x240 mm Casting Bloom;Rough Mill Roller;Wearing;Numerical Simulation;Process Optimization2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：0.79%-0.86% C high carbon steel SWRH82B is produced by 130 t top and bottom combined blown converter-LF-8-strand 150 mm x 150 mm billet concasting process. With the measures including using higher foaming slag height in converter blowing process, lance level higher than other steel grades by 100-150 mm, bottom argon blowing rate 0.02-0.05 m3/(t • min) in whole converter melting process and round flow tapping, in LF refining rapid slagging and using suitable argon blowing rate 20-30 m3/h, and whole process shielding casting, the nitrogen content in steel is availably controlled. The analysis of nitrogen in steel of 205 heats show that the nitrogen content in steel is 13.7 X 10-6-37.4 x 10-6and the average nitrogen content in steel is 23.3 x 10-6关键词：130 t 顶底复吹转炉-LF-CC流程;SWRH82B高碳钢;氮含量;控制;工艺实践2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of four forging methods i. e. conventional forging-stretching, upsetting-stretching, upsetting-stretching-upsetting- stretching and upsetting-changing direction stretching on horizontal impact toughness of Φ200 mm bar products forged from 2.5 t ESR ingot of blade steel 1Cr12Ni2Mo2VN (/% : 0.10C, 0.17Si, 0.74Mn, 0.014P, 0.002S, 11.8Cr, 2.43Ni, 1.65Mo, 0.32V, 0.0352N) has been analyzed. The results show that the upsetting-stretching forging with single pass large reduction and increasing upsetting-stretching forging times are available to obviously increase the horizontal impact toughness of blade steel ； with upsetting-stretching-upsetting-stretching process the horizontal impact energy of bar product heated at 1050 ℃for 1 h, oil cooling and at 660 °C for 2 h, air cooling is 141 J, the ratio of horizontal and longitudinal impact energy is more than 90% , and steel structure is uniformity with finer grains.关键词：Blade Steel 1Cr12Ni2Mo2VN;Upsetting-Stretching Forging;Horizontal Impact Toughness6|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flowsheet for MA ultra-low carbon steel (/% : ≤0.005C, 0.007-0.012Si, 0.07-0.15Mn, ≤0.025P, ≤0.025S, ≤0.035Als, ≤0.0020N) is KB-150 t BOF (end [C] ≤0.020%)-RH-200 mm slab CC flowsheet. The effect of mold flux, tundish shielding agent and ladle refractory materials on incremental carbon content in liquid has been tested and analyzed. Results show that the incremental carbon content in liquid in mold ( AC 0.0003%-0.0008% ) is obviously higher that in tundish (AC 0.0001%-0.0005% ) , through using the measures including defining metallurgy operation, controlling initial carbon content in mold flux 1% -2% and adding 3.5%-4.0% MnO2in flux, controlling the amount of tundish shielding agent, it is available to decrease the incremental carbon content in liquid.关键词：MA超低碳钢;KB-150 t BOF-RH-CC流程;结晶器保护渣;中间包覆盖剂;钢水增碳2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Influence of end-point [C] (0.029%-0.176% ) for 120 t converter process with average end temperature of liquid 1 630 Y and average end slag basicity 4.0 on end-point [P] and phosphor partition ratio between slag and steel has been studied. The results by melting 34 heats show that with decreasing carbon content in liquid the end-point phosphorus content in steel decreases , as carbon content in liquid is less than 0.06% , it is available to get less than 0.005% phosphorus content in steel during tapping; with decreasing end-point carbon content in liquid, the phosphor partition ratio between slag and steel increases, it is favourable to improve the dephosphorization capacity of slag ； under otherwise equal conditions with lowering the end-point carbon content and prolonging the time of oxygen supply, it is available to further dephosphorization with stirring action in bath by oxygen blowing and carbon-oxygen reaction.关键词：120 t Top and Bottom Combined Blown Converter;Dephosphorization;Phosphor Partition Ratio;End-Point Carbon Control2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：With the process measures including KR pre-sulphurizing hot metal [S] ≤0.008% , to increase BOF preoxidizing adding aluminium amount from 0.010%-0.025% to 0.020%-0.035% , to increase adding Fe-Ca wire from 3.0 m/t to 4.0 m/t, LF refining time ≥35 min and white slag time ≥15 min , improving tundish structure, controlling temperature of liquid in tundish 1520-1540 ℃., increasing M-EMS current from 160 A to 200 A, improving fog cooling process in secondary cooling zone and controlling casting speed 2.2-2.4 m/min, the carbon segregation index of produced 160 mm x 160 mm casting billet of cold-heading steel SWRCH35K (/% : 0.29-0.31C, 0.07-0.llSi, 0.69-0.71Mn, 0.009-0.010P, 0.008S, 0.038-0.041 Al) is ≤1.06, and the structure of Φ6.5-20 mm hot-rolled coil is P + F, the die attritions wear rate of ≥8.8 class standard products manufactured by the coil without annealing is only about 8. 5%.关键词：120 t BOF-吹氩-LF-CC流程;SWRCH35K冷镦钢;盘条;精炼渣;中间包结构;夹杂物;冶金质量2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flowsheet of electrode of blade steel 1Cr12Ni2Mo2VN (/% : 0.10C, 0.24Si, 0.81 Mn, 0.013P, 0. 002S, 11.75Cr, 2.63Ni, 1.70Mo, 0.32V, 0.033N) is 30 t EAF-VOD-LF-2.67 t ingot casting-annealing- Φ250 mm bloom forging process. With the process measures including to modify ANF-6 binary slag to high cleanliness low inclusion NEU_D06 premelting quaternary slag, decrease the average remelting rate from 5.27 kg/min to 3.5-4.0 kg/min, the Φ430 mm blade steel 1Cr12Ni2Mo2VN ESR ingots (/% : 0.10-0.12C, 0.75-0.86Mn, 0.21-0.24Si, 0.011-0.014P, 0.000IS, 11.76-11.82Cr, 2.54-2.61Ni, 1.63-1.71Mo, 0.31-0.32V, 0.039N) are successfully produced. Examination results show that the structure of ESR ingot is martensite +0.5% 〜1.5% δ ferrite , total rating of nonmetallic inclusions is 1.5-2.0, the [O] is 15 x 10-6-17 X 10-6and the [H] is 1.24 x 10-6-1.47 x 10-6to insure the quality of ESR steel.关键词：Blade Steel 1Cr12Ni2Mo2VN;ESR;Inclusion;Process Optimization5|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of cooling rate 100-10 °C/min from 1150 °C to 500 °C on attribute of inclusions and behavior of inducing intragranular ferrite nucleation in 0.45C steel casting billet has been studied by using high temperature confocal superpower laser-beam microscope to control cooling rate combined with optical, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. Results show that with decreasing cooling rate the high melting-point inclusions in steel basically no-change while the low melting-point inclusions size and amount in steel trend towards increasing, especially the amount of vanadium carbo-nitride increases obviously; with decreasing cooling rate the amount of precipitated intragranular ferrite increases ,the average grain size increases and the ferrite ratio first increases and afterwards decreases. As continuous cooling with 30 Y/min, the ratio of size of inclusions in steel less than 10 μm is up to 93% , the average size of ferrite is 9.2 μm and the dimensions ratio of ferrite is 30.2%.关键词：0.45C Steel;Casting Billet;Cooling Rate;Inclusions;Intragranular Ferrite;Structure2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Test gear steel Cr14-Co13-Mo5-Ni2 is melted by 5 t VIM + 1 t VAR double-vacuum melting process. The effect of deformation temperature (1040-1080 ℃ ),amount of deformation (20%-60% ) and deformation rate (1-20 s-1) on grain distribution and grain size of Cr14-Co13-Mo5-Ni2 steel has been tested and studied by using Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation machine. Results show that with deformation temperature 1040 °C , amount deformation 60% and deformation rate 20 s-1the Cr14-Co13-Mo5-Ni2 gear steel has fine, round and homogeneous grain structure, and its average grain size is 4.03 μm.关键词：Cr14-Co13-Ma5-Ni2 Gear Steel;Thermal Deformation Parameters;Grain Fining;Thermal Simulation2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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Effect of Rare Earth Element Ce on Corrosion-Resisting Properties of Austenite Stainless Steel 204Cu
摘要：The austenite stainless steel 204Cu (/% : 0.125-0.131C, 0.32-0.34Si, 8.51-8.73Mn, 0.002-0.006S, 0.035-0.047P, 16.40-16.64Cr, 2.53-2.72Ni, 2.33-2.38Cu, 0.257-0.271N, 0-0.064Ce) is melted by a 10 kg vacuum induction furnace, forged to 25 mm x 25 mm square billet, and solid-solution-treated at 1150 ℃ for 2 h, water cooling. The effect of 0-0.064% Ce on corrosion-resisting properties of stainless steel 204Cu in 3.5% NaCl solution at 25 ℃ has been studied by using weight method, electrochemical polarization curves and AC impedance techniques. Results show that adding definite earth element Ce in stainless steel 204Cu, the anod polarization voltage value shifts positively ,the corrosion current density decreases and the polarization resistance increases , that can obviously increase its corrosion-resisting properties, as adding 0.029% Ce the stainless steel 204Cu has optimizing corrosion-resisting properties.关键词：稀土元素Ce;204Cu不锈钢;交流阻抗;极化曲线;耐腐蚀性2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21 - 摘要：The test steel 0Cr16Ni5Mo is melted by a 6 t vacuum induction furnace + electro-slag remelting process, forged to Φ120-160 mm steel products, finishing forging at ≥ 900 ℃, and the samples for mechanical properties test are treated at 950 ℃ for 1 h, air cooling + tempered at 520 ℃ for 4 h air cooling. The quantity regression relationships between composition and mechanical properties of products of steel 0Cr16Ni5Mo are obtained by regression analysis on steel products of 47 heats that are(σs=-1043.3+5507.6[C]-1177.0[Si]+212.6[Ni]+1160.3[Mo]；σb=-648.2+4136.7[C]-424.7[Si]+137.2[Ni]+1018.4[Mo]；A=11.9-137.6[C]+25.1[Si]-4.9[Ni]-2.5[Cr]-29.9[Mo]；Akv=-473.3-451.3[Si]+103.3[Ni]+321.3[Mo], its significance level is 0.1.关键词：Steel 0Cr16Ni5Mo;Φ120-160 mm Bar Products;Chemical Composition;Mechanical Properties;Regression Analysis2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Process flowsheet of test heavy gear steel 18CrNiMo7-6 (/% ： 0.165C , 0.59Mn, 0.24Si, 0.006S, 0.008P, 1.56Ni, 1.71Cr, 0.28Mo, 0.034Al, 0.0129N) is 60 t UHP EAF-LF-VD-12.5 t ingot casting process. The effect of ingot heating process (1200-1220 °C , 7-8 〜13-15 h) , forged product complete annealing (900 °C 12 h, with ≤ 80 °C/h slow cooling to 650 °C 50 h, air cooling) , isothermal annealing (900 °C 12 h, air cooling to 650 °C 50 h, air cooling) and normalizing (900 °C 12 h, air cooling) process on banded structure of Φ540 mm forged bar has been tested and studied. Results show that as ingot heating at 1200-1220 °C for 7-8 h, the rating of banded-structure of forged bar by complete annealing, isothermal annealing or normalizing process is respectively 4.0, 3.5 and 3.0, while as ingot heating at 1200-1220 °C for 13-15 h, then normalized, the rating of banded-structure of forged bar is 2.5 , it is an optimum process.关键词：Gear Steel 18CrNiMo7-6;Φ540 mm Forged Bar;Ingot High Temperature Diffusion Process;Normalizing;Annealing;Banded-Structure2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The structure and mechanical properties of 14.8 mm hot-rolled strip coil of X100 pipeline steel (/% : 0.05C, 0.25Si, 1.97Mn, 0.008P, 0.002S, 0.26Cu, 0.36Cr, 0.38Ni, 0.22Mo, 0.03V, 0.02Ti, 0.09Nb, 0.029Als) with finishing rolling at 790-850 °C , after rolling combined ultra-fast cooling and laminar flow cooling with rate 40-60 °C/s cooling to 580 °C and coiling at 380°Care tested and studied. Results show that the grain size rating of strip coil is 13.5, the banded structure rating is 0-0.5, the structure is granular bainite + martensite and containing 0.2-0.8 μm martensite/austenite island, the impact energy at -20 °C is 265-277 J and it has better comprehensive mechanical properties to meet the requirement of standard " Technical Specification of Hot Rolled Plate Used for Manufacturing Grade X100 SAWL Pipe for Gas Pipeline ".关键词：X100 Pipeline Steel;14.8 mm Hot-Rolled Strip Coil;Ultra-Fast Cooling;Structure;Mechanical Properties2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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