最新刊期
卷 36 ， 期 1 ， 2015
- 摘要：The flow field in original tundish with single-line type retaining wall, rectangular guide-flow-hole and level- no dip angle and in improved tundish with V- type retaining wall, Φ80 ~Φ 120 mm round guide-flow-hole and dip angle 0°- 40°and adding turbulence inhibitor has been tested and studied by using geometric similarity 1：2.5 water model. It is obtained that the structure of improved tundish with V- type retaining wall +30° angle and diameter Φ80 mm guide-flow- hole + deep disc-lip type edge turbulence inhibitor is optimal, it may prolong the residence time of liquid in tundish and the percentage of dead zone volume of liquid decreases to 10.3% 〜10.9% from 48.16% ~63.06% in original tundish, and is in favor of inclusions in liquid to quick floating off.关键词：20 t中间包;流场模拟;停留时间分布曲线;湍流抑制器;结构优化7|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The numerical simulation on 12 passes hot continuous rolling process from 300 mm X 400 mm bloom to ø130 mm bar products of bearing steel GCrl5 (/% : 0. 98C, 0. 54Si, 0. 34Mn, 0. 014P, 0. 002S, 1. 49Cr) has been carried out by established finite element model for bar and roller and using large nonlinear finite element software DEFORM-3D, and is analyzed and compared to calculated values of theoretical rolling force model. Results show that numerical-simulation-calculated rolling force values is close to actual-measured ones in situ, the both difference is no more than 5%, especially in rough-rolling pass, that is no more than 3%.关键词：GCrl5轴承钢;?130 mm棒材;热连轧;轧制力;数值模拟;现场测试2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：With established three-dimensional coupled numerical models for flow and heat transfer of liquid steel in tundish, the effect of immersion depth of long nozzle (100 〜200 mm) on flow field and temperature field of Q235B liquid steel (0. 12% ~0. 20% C) in a 36t tundish during casting of three strands profiled bloom for H-shaped section has been simulated and studied by using software FLUENT. Results show that with increasing the immersion depth of long nozzle the fluctuating of free surface of liquid steel in tundish has decreasing tend and the difference of average residence time and the difference of temperature of liquid steel at tundish each strand outlet obviously increase; and the suitable immersion depth of long nozzle for the tundish during profiled bloom concasting is about 125 mm.关键词：异型坯;连铸长水口, 36 t中间包;流场;温度场;数值模拟2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The metal rheology of steel 20CrMnTiH during rolling process of 430 mm x 300 mm casting bloom to Φ130 mm steel product is simulated by bloom pin-shooting test. Test results show that in the direction of parallel to pin-shooting, the pin is deformed and extend-spread to flat type, and in the direction of perpendicular to pin-shooting, the pin is compressed to sickle-type bend, therefore the effect of rolling process on macro-carbon segregation in cross section of finishing products is not obvious.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The test of isothermal compressive deformation on hot-rolled product of bearing steel GCrl5 (/%: 0. 99C, 0. 31Mn, 0. 24Si, 0. 010P, 0. 003S, 1. 44Cr, 0. 01V) with strain rate 0. 1 ~3 s-1strain 0. 7 at 800 ~ 1 150 ℃. is carried out by using Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation machine. And the 3-demensinal thermal-mechanical coupling finite element simulation on ten passes continuous hot-rolling process for Φ70 nun bar products of bearing steel GCrl5 rolling from 200 mm X 200 mm casting billet has been engaged based on established Hensel/Spittel deformation resistance model and by using LARTRAN/SHAPE finite element simulation software. By analyzing the variation rule of stock temperature, strainstress field, spread and rolling load parameters in each pass, it is obtained that the cracks maybe occur at the comer of stock in fifth pass therefore during rolling process should reduce the strain in fifth pass to prevent formation of cracks. Comparing the simulated value and the measured value, the relative errors of width and height size of stock section at layout of each pass are respectively 0. 40% ~5. 90% and 0. 28% ~6. 11%.关键词：有限元模拟;连轧;宽展;GCr15钢;棒材2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on analysis of factors on cutting quality of free-cutting steel AISI 1215, with using the process measures including decreasing carbon content in steel from 0. 094% to 0. 072%, during LF refining using silicon-manganese deoxidizing addition and controlling LF refining end active oxygen content 60 x 10-6- 80 X 10-6decreasing 140 mm x 140 mm billet mold water rate from 1 900 ~ 2 050 L/min to 1 700 〜1 850 L/min, decreasing secondary cooling water ratio from 1.15 L/kg to 0. 90 L/kg and optimizing rolling process to increase the average diameter of sulphide in steel from original 2.09 μm to 3. 11 μm, the cutting quality of coil of low-carbon high-sulphur (0. 072% C, 0. 365% S) free-cutting steel increases markedly and the surface roughness of parts is about 2 μm to meet the requirement of user.关键词：低碳高硫易切削钢;轧制工艺;切削性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Flow sheet for production of carbon structure steel and steel for ship plate at Xingcheng Special Steel is 150 t BOF-LF-RH-200 ~250 mm slab CC process. Effect of slag-making submerged arc operation, power supply schedule, LF heating time, ladle bottom argon blowing etc process factors on nitrogen pick-up in molten steel during refining process has been statistic-analyzed. With controlling of opening of valve in dust-exhausting absorbing wind tube to maintain slight positive pressure operation in LF, in earlier period of refining using higher power supply and in latter period of refining using lower power supply, blowing argon rate in earlier, middle and latter refining period being respectively 200, 400 -500 and 200 ~ 300 L/min, and controlling LF slag amount ratio 1.2% etc measures, the increment of [N] in LF refining process is ≤ 5 x 10-6and without via RH vacuum treatment, it is available to control the nitrogen content in slab ≤ 50 x 10-6关键词：低碳钢;LF精炼;控制钢水增氮;工艺实践2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：With the process measures including arc furnace charging 60% hot metal, changing large amount of slag operation, using low titanium alloy to control arc furnace end [Ti] ≤7 x 10-6using low titanium deoxidizer and alloying materials in LF refining process to control LF end [Ti] ≤30 x 10_6, VD treatment for 27 min, controlling tundish liquid superheating extent 20 ~30 ℃ and whole course shielding casting, the <1>500 - 800 mm concasting bloom of S355NL steel for wind power flange (/% : 0. 14 ~ 0. 15C, 0. 21 ~ 0. 23Si, L 30 ~ 1. 33Mn, 0.03 ~ 0. 04Nb, ≤0.003Ti, 0.04 ~ 0. 05V, ≤0. 010P, ≤003S, 0. 02 ~0. 04Alt) has been successfully pilot-produced. The examination results show that the comprehensive mechanical properties of steel are better, the impact energy at -50℃ is 87. 4 〜100. 3 J, and user products nondestructive testing qualified rate is up to 99. 5%.关键词：风电法兰用钢S355NL;Φ500-800 mm连铸坯;-50℃冲击功;冶金质量2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The metallurgical flow sheet of steel Q345E (/% ： 0. 13 ~0. 17C, 0.24 - 0.28Si, 1. 02 ~ 1. 40Mn, 0. 015 ~ 0,040Al, ≤0. 015P, ≤0. 015S) is 70 t converter-LF-VD- Φ600 mm round bloom casting process. By simulated calculation on solidification in condition with secondary cooling water ratio 0. 08 L/kg and casting speed 0. 18, 0, 20 and 0. 22 m/min and combined with pin-shooting test in conditions of casting speed 0. 22 m/min, liquid overheating extent 20 °C, mold cooling rate 4 600 l/min (water temperature difference between inlet and outlet 2. 7℃), secondary cooling water rate L1-38, 12-6 and L3-5 L/min, the position of end of liquid core- distance from meniscus 22. 4 m for Φ600 mm round bloom of steel Q345E with the casting speed is defined and based on this test the carbon macro-segregation of heavy round bloom improves obviously by application of optimized M-EMS \ (final) F-EMS combined electro-magnetic stirring (EMS) technology and adjustment of casting process. Results show that casting liquid overheating extent and EMS parameters are important factors to influence the carbon segregation of bloom ； with overheating extent 20 ~ 30℃ ，casting speed 0. 22 ~0. 24 m/min, M-EMS 200 A, 2 Hz and F-EMS 400 A, 8 Hz alternative stirring, the extreme difference of carbon content in steel Q345E at cross section of Φ600 mm round bloom is below 0. 04% C.关键词：Q345E钢;ΦD600 mm圆铸坯;凝固模拟计算;射钉试验;宏观碳偏析;控制3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：With three-step method “surface process + cold rolling bonding + annealing treatment", i. e. first, treating the surface of 4mm 08 Al steel strip (/% : 0. 01G, 0. 018A1) and 0.23 mm 4A60 aluminium strip by brushing, then single pass-rolled by 60% reduction for the aluminium-steel strip using high precision Φ420 mm four high rolling mill with 30 kN forward tension to get large deformation cladding, and annealing treatment at 520 ℃ for 24 h in a bell type annealing furnace, the cold-rolled 1. 7 mm 4A60 aluminium-08Al steel cladding strip with 80 〜90 μm extra-thin cladding layer is developed. The microstructure of 08Al steel in cladding strip is equiaxed ferrite with average grain size 15 μm, its tensile strength ≥320MPa and elongation ≥28%, and the bending properties of cladding strip also meet the requirement of standard. The intermetallic compound is not found in aluminum-steel interface region of cladding strip brazed at (600 ± 10) ℃, and the delamination phenomenon is not observed at interface of aluminium and steel.关键词：铝-钢复合带材;冷轧复合;嵌入式;力学性能;结合性能5|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The pilot production of austenite stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti ［/%: 0. 05 ~0. 09C, 17. 13 ~ 18. 24Cr, 9. 73 ~ 10. 6Ni, 5 X (C-0. 02) ~0. 80Ti］ remelting by 1. 2 t electro-slag furnace in normal atmospheric gas and by 5. 0 t electro-slag furnace in argon shielding atmosphere is carried out to analysis the effect of argon shielding atmosphere on titanium burning loss of titanium in steel in electro-slag remelting (ESR) process. Results show that with the condition of using 70CaF2-30Al2O3binaiy purifying slag and adding 5. 0% TiO2for 1. 2 t ESR ingot remelting in normal atmospheric gas the average titanium burning rate is 48. 33%, and for 5. 0 t ESR ingot remelting in argon shielding atmosphere the average titanium burning rate is 2. 61%; while remelting in 5. 0 t ESR furnace beside with argon shielding atmosphere, also with using same steel grade bottom pad and solid slag igniting the phenomenon of picking up carbon in bottom of ingot is obviously improved.关键词：电渣重熔;固渣引燃;TiO2;氩气保护;钛烧损2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The continuous casting test for high-speed steel W6Mo5Ci4V2 is carried out by using 150 kg medium frequency induction electric furnace- 150 kg interim ladle and designed Φ100 mm vertical continuous caster with mold vibration frequency 1. 2 Hz and vibration amplitude ± 3 mm, casting speed 0. 4 m/min and secondary cooling water pressure 0. 2 MPa, and the thickness of ledeburite net and solidification cooling rate of the high-speed steel at different process conditions are measured. Results show that as compared with 15 kg common ingot mold casting high-speed steel W6Mo5Cr4V2, the structure of high speed steel Φ100 mm casting billet by vertical continuous casting process is dense without defects, the ledeburite net is obviously thinner, the average thickness of ledeburite net at center of casting billet is ≤16μm, and the grains markedly fine； the precipitated amount of carbide M2C and MC obviously increases while the carbide M6C precipitated amount decreases, and the carbides are more fine, homogeneous and dispersed; the solidification cooling rate at edge of casting billet is 3. 33 x 104K/s, at r/2 is 9. 4 x 103K/s and at center is 8. 1 x 102K/s, its metallurgical quality is obviously higher than that of common ingot mold casting.关键词：高速钢;W6Mo5CMV2;Φ100 mm连铸坯;共晶碳化物;冷却速率;冶金质量2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of temperature (25 〜200 ℃) on magnetic performance of 33EH sintered NdFeB (/% ：27. 01 Nd, 64. 75Fe, 0. 35Al, 3. 15Dy, 1. 56Co, 2. 27Cu, 0. 90Ga) including residual magnet and magnet loss etc. has been tested and studied. Test results show that with increasing temperature, the residual magnet decreases linearly, at 100℃; the residual magnet decreases by 7. 6% and at 200 X. the residual magnet decreases by 22%. At 25 - 100 °C with increasing the temperature, the open-circuit magnet decreases by about 1%, at 100 ~ 200℃ with increasing the temperature, the open-circuit magnet loss increases dramatically, at 200 ℃ the open-circuit magnet decreases by 44%. The optimum service temperature of 33EH sintered NdFeB permanent magnets is ≤100 °C.关键词：33EH;烧结钕铁硼永磁体;磁性能;服役温度2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The steel 0,25C-1.1Cr-O. 7Mn-0. 25Mo-0.05V is melted by 60 t EBT arc fumace-LF-VD-8.4 t ingot casting process. The samples for thermal simulation are cut from 250 mm x 250 mm rolled bloom. The effect of temperature (ambient to 1 200℃) on mechanical properties of steel is tested by Gleeble-3800 thermal-simulated examination, and the continuous cooling transformation curves of steel with cooling speed 0. 1 ~35℃/s are got. And the mechanical properties of 200 mm x 200 mm bloom of steel with normalizing at 920℃, oil quenching at 880 - 900 °C and tempering at 630 〜680 °C by electric resistance furnace and salt bath furnace are examined. Results show that the steel has better hot working property at 900 ~ 1 200 °C ； as the cooling rate is more than 15℃ /s, the bainite + martensite structure could be got； and with normalizing at 920 T , oil quenching at 860℃ and tempering at 650 ~ 680 ℃,the yield strength RP0.2of steel 525 ~ 570 MPa, tensile strength Rm710 -745 MPa, elongation A 22% ~23% , longitudinal impact energy (U- 5 mm) 68 ~82 J and transverse impact energy (U_ 5 mm) 65 ~ 76 J are obtained to meet the requirement of standard.关键词：高速动车车轴;0. 25C-1. 1Cr-O. 7Mn-0. 25Mo-0.05V钢;热塑性;组织;力学性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flow sheet for test steel 12Cr2Mo (/%: 0.09C, 0. 30Si, 0. 34Mn, 0.007P, 0. 006S, 2, 10Cr, 0. 93Mo, 0. 014A1) 406 mm x 40.5 mm tube is 120 t BOF-LF-RH-410 mm x 530 mm bloom casting-forging to 0390 mm tube stock-460 mm ASSEL mill rolling to tube. With using JMatPro software to calculate phase equilibrium diagram of test steel, it is obtained that the steel 12Cr2Mo phase transition point Ac3is 862 ℃; and the Ac1is 781 °C, and the examination on structure and mechanical properties of test steel normalizing-heat-treated at 910 °C and tempered at 700 ℃ has been carried out. Results show that the matrix structure of normalized-tempered test steel 12Cr2Mo is bainite + minor ferrite, and a large amount of irregular M23C6precipitate at grain boundary and in intragranular, a small amount granular M6C carbides precipitate along grain boundary and a large amount fine pin-like Mo2C carbides precipitate in intragranular, and the mechanical properties of steel is excellent- strength /Rel515 ~520 MPa and Rm640 ~650 MPa, plasticity A 22% ~ 25% and Z 76% 80% , and impact energy at -60 TJ AKV268 ~293 J.关键词：高压锅炉用钢12Cr2Mo;热处理;组织;合金碳化物;力学性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The structure, texture and magnetic performance of annealed cold-rolled sheet of oriented silicon steel (/%: 0. 046G, 3. 07Si, 0. 09Mn, 0. 029P, 0. 004S, 0. 005Al, 0. 001 Ti, 0.001 40, 0.009 6N) from 2. 66 mm hot-rolled plate normalizing at 1 100 ℃ for 2 min, air cooling for 10 s to 960 ℃ for 3 min, air cooling, then first cold-rolling, process annealing and second cold-rolling to 0.3 mm sheet, and through primary recrystallizing annealing at 820 TI for 5 min, air cooling and secondary recrystallizing annealing at 1 050 ℃, air cooling have been, tested and studied. As contrasted to the structure and properties of primary recrystallizing annealed samples and secondary recrystallizing annealed samples without via hot-rolled plate normalizing process, the effect of normalizing process on annealing process is obtained. Results show that the normalizing treatment of hot-rolled plate may decrease the primary recrystallizing grain size of the primary annealed cold-rolled sheet, increases the percentage of Σ9grain boundaries and high-angle grain boundaries, improves the content of Goss orientation grains, and can coarsen the secondary recrystallizing grains, enhance the magnetic induction and decrease the iron loss.关键词：取向硅钢;常化;冷轧板;初次再结晶退火;二次再结晶退火;组织;织构;磁性解2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The welding process with tungsten-arc inert (argon)-gas (TIG) backing, shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW) covered electrode filling and capping on P91 steel tube (/%: 0. 09C, 0.45Si, 0. 32Mn, 8. 9Cr, 0.95Mo, 0. 21V, 0. 78Nb, 0.014A1, 0. 05N) has been carried out by using ER90S-B9 welding wire and covered electrode (/%: 0. 08 ~0. 12C, 0.4~0.6Si, 0.5 ~1.4Mn, 8.5 ~10.5Cr, 0.85 ~1. 15Mo, 0. 18-0.29V, 0.06~0.10Nb, ≤0.015A1, 0. 03 ~0. 07N). Results show that the welded joint of P91 steel tube without crack, sla^ inclusions , crater and blowhole etc welding seam defects, the structure of welding seam is tempered sorbite with tempered martensite in partial region and the structure of base metal and heat affected zone is tempered sorbite； of welding joint the mechanical properties are tensile strength Rm653 ~ 665 MPa, yield strength Rp0.2497 〜504 MPa, elongation A 21.8% ~ 22, 9% , and impact energy 63. 8 ~77. 2 J all meet the requirement of standard GB5310-2008 and AMSE SA 335-2007.关键词：马氏体耐热钢P91;钢管;焊接接头;组织;力学性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The mechanical properties of Φ13 mm bar forged from 70 mm casting thin slab of high grade non-oriented silicon steel (/%: 0. 002 7C, 3. 06Si, 0. 32Mn, 0. 013P, 0. 004S, 0. 50Al, 0.002 7Ti, 0.004 2N) at elevated temperature 600 ~ 1 250℃ are measured by Gleeble-1500 stress-strain thermal simulation machine. Results show that with strain rate 1 x 10-3s-1only I brittle zone (1 250 ℃ to melting point) exists in the high grade non-oriented silicon steel, and the II brittle zone and Ⅲ brittle zone are all of no-occurrence. The main cause is that the extra-low carbon content ( ≤50 X 10-6) and high silicon content (3%Si) in steel lead to no-course of α-γ-α phase transformation during silicon steel solidifying and cooling process to avoid the sulfur, oxygen etc elements in solid solution status in forms of ( Fe, Mn) 0, (Fe, Mn)S and AI2O3precipitated and grown at austenite grain boundary resulting in the strength of grain boundary decreasing and the cracks occurring.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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Structure and Properties of (30 ~ 90) mm x (400 ~ 605) mm Cold-Working Die Flat Steel Cr12Mo1V1 (D2)
摘要：The production flowsheet of test cold-working die flat steel Crl2MolVI (D2) (/% ： 1. 50C, 0. 35Si, 0. 40Mn, 12. 00Cr, 0. 95Mo, 0. 80V) is 30 t EAF-LF-VD-3 t ingot casting-rolling-annealing at 890 °C process. The effect of cross-section size (/mm: 30 x 400, 70 x 360 and 90 X 605) of cold-working die flat steel D2 on the size, distribution and uniformity of eutectic carbide, the structure and the impact toughness of steel has been studied. The results show that with decreasing the cross-section size, the size of particles, morphology and distribution uniformity of eutectic carbide in flat are improved, the rating of carbide in flat decreases from 4 ~6 rating of 90 mm x605 mm flat to 1 ^4 rating of 30 mm x 400 mm flat, and the impact toughness of steel increases ； the distribution of eutectic carbide at core of flat is worst ( rating 4 ~ 6) and that at edge is best (rating 1 ~ 4) , and the impact toughness of steel at core is obviously lower than that at edge.4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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