最新刊期
卷 37 ， 期 1 ， 2016
- 摘要：The computer simulation for vacuum casting and solidification process of 39 t ingot of steel 42CrMo4 (/% : 0. 38 ~0. 45C, 0. 90 ~ 1.20Cr, 0. 025Mo) has been carried out by using Any casting software to get that with cast liquid temperature 1 527 °C and superheat extent 40°C the casting time for 39 t ingot is 18.78 min including ingot body for 10 min and casting head for 8.78 min and the predicted shrinkage cavity location only occurs at center of casting head. The results of production practice in situ show that the forged die block is qualified by grade Ⅱ ultrasonic detection, and the yield of products increases to 71.35% from 65% before process improvement.关键词：模具钢42CrMo4;39t钢锭;浇铸工艺;数值分析;成材率2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flowsheet for steel GCrl5 is 90 t converter-LF-VD-250mm x280mm bloom casting-rolling process. With adding aluminium to deoxidize during converter tapping and refining by high basicity slag [/% : 55 〜 58CaO, 3 ~ l0MgO, 12~ 16SiO216~24A12O3≤ 1 (MnO + FeO) ], the T[ 0] after feeding Al in LF process is 14 x 10-6and the T[O] at end of LF refining is 10 x 10-6. With using SEM (scanning electron microscope) and EDS ( energy dispersive spectroscope) to study the composition distribution of unqualified large DS series inclusions in rod products, it is found that at the center of inclusion the main composition is compound oxide CaO-MgO-Al2O3outside is wrapped by a small amount of CaS, in this oxides the A12O3content is up to about 65% with even distribution, the CaO content is about 20% and the MgO content is about 15%. Statistics analysis results show that after VD vacuum treatment the number o£ diameter more than 13μm large inclusions per mm2increases to 7, after soft stirring that decreases to 2. 1, arid in rod products the one of three large inclusions come from ladle slag.关键词：GCrl5轴承钢, 大颗粒DS类夹杂物, BOF-LF-VD工艺, 示踪实验5|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to the issue of easily forming surface longitudinal crack on casting slab of hypo-peritectic steel, the effect of fluorite adding amount on melting temperature, viscosity and average heat flux of mould powder (/% ： 29 〜37 cement grog, 8 borax, 20 quartz sand, 15 wollastonite, 12 soda, 8 ~ 16 fluorite) , and mineralogical structure of flux film has been studied and analyzed. Results show that with increasing fluorite content the crystallization ratio of flux film and cuspidine content in film increase, the wollastonite content in film decreases, and the melting temperature, viscosity and average heat flux of mould powder decrease. It is obtained that adding fluorite content 12% in mould powder could satisfy the requirement on mineralogical structure of flux film for hypo-peritectic steel casting slab and improve the quality of casting slab.3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on considering the effect of slab steel elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and linear expansion coefficient on simulation precision, the simulation of stress field and temperature field of steel Q345C 250 mm x 1500 mm single-piece casting slab during cooling process has been carried out by ABAQUS finite element analysis software to get the relative information between stress ( <20 ~ 148 MPa) , temperature (769 ~ 1 000 °C ) and time (0 ~ 1 200 s). Calculated results show that the distribution of temperature of slab along width direction during cooling process is not uniform, the cooling rate of slab surface edge is 0. 46 °C /s, but the slab distance from slab surface edge more than 200 mm basically has same cooling rate (0. 23 °C /s) ； the cooling rate of slab stacking is rather low, it is about 15 °C /h, which conforms to measuring results in situ. The convey time from flame cut off machine for casting slab to heating furnace decreases to minimum with adopted holding measures to prevent defects formation being due to excessive thermal stress at slab surface.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The exploiting background and present stature of grade development for supercritical and ultra-supercritical boiler tubes are introduced in this article including the main chemical composition, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of ferrite boiler tubes, new austenite stainless steel boiler tubes, nickel base alloy boiler tubes, adding W 2. 25% Cr (T/P23 ) steel tubes, modified 9% Cr-1 % Mo (T/P91) steel tubes, adding W 9% Cr (T/P92) steel tubes and bimetallic compound tubes.关键词：超临界;超超临界;锅炉管;开发现状2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on w inside-laser coaxial powder feedingM technology the surface of steel 40CrMo (/% : 0. 40C,1. 20Cr, 0. 25Mo) is laser-clad with iron-base alloy powder (/% : 0. 60C, 15. 25Cr, 1. 1 ISi, 1. 85Mo) to increase surface hardness and get idea wear resistance. The hardness HV0 2 value of steel 40CrMo is 250 while the surface hardness HV0.2value by laser cladding is 500. It is available to get better metallurgical binding interface between base metal and coating material by base metal pretreated at 200 °C , and the heat affected zone of base metal and binding interface zone are relatively smaller. Due to quick cooling and alloying effect by larger temperature gradient, the hardness of sample bending zone is higher than other area of laser cladding.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The metallurgical flow sheet o£ studied heavy rail steel (/% : 0. 68 ~ 0. 73C, 0. 20 ~ 0. 30Si, 1. 05 ~ 1. 15Mn, ≤0.015P, ≤0.012S, ≤O.OO3 5A1, ≤0.000 15[H]，≤0.006 0[N],≤0.002 0 [0]) is metal desulphurization pretreated- 120 t converter-LF-RH-280 mm x 380 mm bloom easting. It is identified by analysis that the casting bloom segregation is main cause for unqualified rolled rail by macrostructure examination and supersonic testing. The effect of liquid overheating extend, casting speed, mould magnetic stirring, secondary water cooling rate and dynamic soft reduction at end of solidification on center carbon segregation of casting bloom is tested and studied. With using the optimized process measures including controlling liquid overheating extent 15 ~ 30 T , casting speed 0. 60 ~0. 75 m/min and constant speed casting, mould magnetic stirring intensity 400 A, secondary water cooling rate 0. 25 L/kg and soft reduction 6 〜7 mm, the rating of general porosity ≤1. 0, of center porosity ≤0. 5, of spot segregation ≤0. 5, the ratio of equiaxed zone is more than 37% , the center carbon segregation index is 0. 94 ~ 1. 06 and the qualified ratio of steel rail tested by supersonic method increases up to more than 99. 3%.关键词：重轨钢;连铸坯;中心偏析;超声波探伤;工艺改进2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The flowsheet for 10 ~20 mm hot-rolled plate of Q235B steel (0. 11% ~0. 17% C) is hot metal pretreatment-50 t converter-argon blowing-(200 ~230)mm x (900 ~ 1 600) mm slab casting-hot rolling process. The analysis results show that the surface crack of hot-rolled plate stems from casting slab longitudinal cracks of steel Q235B. The effect of composition, liquid overheat extent, casting speed, casting secondary water rate and mold powder on longitudinal crack of casting slab has been statistically analyzed. With the measures including controlling Mn/S ≥40, liquid overheat extent 15 ~35 °C , casting speed 1. 15 m/min, adjusting secondary water rate according to season and using mold powder with melting point ≥1 100°C , viscosity 0. 20 ~ 0. 32 Pa .s and basicity ≥1. 10, the ratio of occurrence of steel Q235B hot- rolled plate surface longitudinal crack decreases to ≤0. 96% from original 3. 51% .关键词：Q235B钢, 热轧板, 表面纵裂, Mn/S, 200 mm板坯, 过热度, 拉速, 保护渣3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The spring steel SK5 (/% : 0.75 ~0. 84C,≤ 0. 35Si, ≤0.40Mn, ≤0. 035P, ≤0.030S) is produced by 100 t EAF-LF-VD-CC flow sheet. With using the process measures including pre-deoxidizing at EAF tapping by adding silicon-manganese and ferroaluminium, compound-deoxi dizing during LF refining process by adding 80 ~ 150 kg aluminium- manganese-calcium alloy and small amount silicon manganese alloy with refining slag basicity 11.13 and ( CaO) / ( Al203) =4. 98, the deoxidizing effect is obvious, the average total oxygen content is 11 X 10-6in casting billet and the nitrogen content in billet is 35 x 10-6. During steelmaking process the change sequence of inclusions in steel is pure A12O3- sulfide- MgO •A12O3• CaO- MgO • A12O3• CaO • SiO2and the main inclusions in billet is CaO • Al2O3・ SiO2・ MgO series, its plasticization level could be optimized future by adjusting refining ingredient and reducing melting point of refining slag.关键词：SK5弹簧钢, 100 t EAF-LF-VD-CC流程, 洁净度2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The metallurgical flowsheet of weathering steel S355J2 (/% : 0. 07 ~0. 12C, 0.25 ~0. 40Si,1.0 ~1. 3Mn, ≤0. 015P, ≤0. 008S,0. 25 ~0. 40Cu, 0. 35 ~0. 50Cr, 0. 10 〜0. 25Ni, 0. 025 ~ 0. 040Nb, 0. 025 ~0. 050Als) is 70 t LD-LF-VD-280 mm x 320 mm bloom CC process. With the process measures including controlling LD end [C]≤0. 07% , end [P] ≤0. 014% , converter tapping slag amount ≤2 kg/t, and refining slag basicity R ≥3.0 and (A12O3)= 20% , the T[O] in casting bloom is 22 x 10-6average diameter of inclusions is 4. 6 μm with ratio of less than 5 μm inclusions more than 97. 5%. By using the bearing fluorine mold powder with basicity = 1. 02, 6. 9% ( B2O3+ Li20), 5. 4% MgO and 7. 6% A12O3the bloom oscillation mark is slight, and the ratio of bloom surface without cleaning is up to 95. 17% . The rating of shrinkage and porosity of bloom ≤l. 0, and the rating of crack at comer, edge and center of bloom is 0 to meet the control requirement of bloom quality.关键词：70 t LD-LF-VD-CC, S355J2耐候钢, 冶金质量, 夹杂物2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Steelmaking process flowsheet for steel SWRCH22A is 80 t top and bottom combined blown converter-LF- 280 mm x 325 mm bloom casting. It is obtained by analysis that main cause for surface crack of hot-charging casting bloom of steel SWRCH22A is AIN precipitated at grain boundary during cooling to weaken the boundary and lead to crack under action of thermal stress and structure stress. With decreasing the Al content in bloom from 0. 053% to 0. 042% , decreasing nitrogen content from 0.005 5% to 0. 004 1% , as well as in-line surface quenching bloom before heating, the AIN precipitation is effectively inhibited, and the qualified ratio of hot-charged casting bloom increases from 77. 9% to 100%.关键词：SWRCH22A冷镦钢;280 mm x 325 mm铸坯;热送表面裂纹;A1含量;A1N;表面淬火4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of ingredient of LF refining slag (/% : 37. 5 ~54. 8CaO, 9. 8 ~ 18. 2SiO220 ~ 30Al2O34 ~ 10MgO, 3 ~ 10CaF2) with basicity 3 ~5 on viscosity has been tested and studied. Results show that the effect of CaF2and A12O3on viscosity of refining slag is great and the effect of basicity and MgO on viscosity of refining slag is rather minor. With increasing CaF2the viscosity of refining slag decreases first and then increases, with increasing A12O3content in slag the viscosity of slag gradually decreases ； with Al203content in slag being 20% and CaF2≥ 6% or A12O3content being 25% and CaF2 ≥3% , the viscosity value of slag at 1 500 °C is less than 0. 5 Pa • s; and it is obtained by test that better basicity R and ingredient of refining slag for viscosity is 4 ~ 5R, 25% ~30% Al2O36% 〜10% MgO, 3% 〜6% CaF2. The results of production pilot of 100 t LF refining steel TC80 show that after refining slag optimization the sulfur content in liquid decreases to less than 0. 005% from initial 0. 020% , the desulphurization ratio increases to 84% from before optimization 72% ； and the average T [O] at end refining is 14 x 10-6.关键词：LF精炼渣;粘度;正交试验;组分;脱硫;脱氧3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The steelmaking process of steel 4147 for high pressure cylinder (/% : 0. 46 ~0. 50C, 0.15 〜0. 35Si, 0.8-1. OMn, ≤0. 015P, ≤0. 008S, 0. 85 ~ 1. lOCr, 0. 15 ~0. 25Mo, 0. 02 ~0. 04Al) at Yonggang is 110 t EBT EAF- LF-VD-Φ500 mm round bloom CC. With using charging 80% hot metal + 20% scrap to control (Pb + As + Sn + Sb + Bi) ≤150 x 10-6controlling EAF end [C] NO. 08% and end [ P]≤ O. 006% and adding 1. 0 kg/t Al during tapping； using LF synthetic refining slag (/% : 40 ~55CaO, 20 ~ 30Al2O3≤6MgO, ≤4.0SiO2≤1.5FeO), the sulphur content in finished liquid is <0.002% with T [O] ≤17 x 10-6[N] ≤32 x 10-6[ H]≤ 0. 9 x 10-6and (Pb + Sn + Sb + As + Bi) ≤0, 013 7% ； the rating of center porosity and shrinkage pipe of casting round bloom is ≤1. 5, and the rating of each inclusion in rolled products is ≤ 0. 5 to meet the requirement of quality for high pressure cylinder.关键词：高压气瓶钢4147,&Φ500 mm连铸圆坯110 t EBT EAF-LF-VD-CC流程, 硫含量, 气体含量2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The Φ183 mm round billet of high speed steel M2 (/% ： 0. 86C, 0. 39Si, 0. 32Mn, 0. 015P, 0. 006S, 6. 00W, 4. 00Cr, 4. 80Mo, 1. 85V) is forged from 2. 0 t ESR ingot （Φ500 mm). The nondestructive detect defect ratio of forged billet of steel M2 is 33. 3% ~ 69.23% and the main defect is pinhole at center position of billet. Analysis results show that due to producing overheating of billet during heating and forging process the segregation of ingot forms pinhole defect. With process measures including decreasing the ESR current from 8 000 → 6 800 A to 7 000 → 6 000 A to decrease remelting speed, decreasing the beginning forging temperature from 1 070 ~ 1 090 °C to 1 030 ~ 1 060 °C and decreasing the end forging temperature from 960 〜980 °C to 900 〜950 °C to decrease the center temperature of forging billet, the nondestructive detective defect ratio of 0183 mm forged billet of steel M2 decreases from 50% to 5. 71% .关键词：M2髙速钢;2 t电渣锭;Φ183 mm锻坯;偏析;过热;针孔缺陷2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The statistic regression analysis on chemical composition and mechanical properties of random sampling 89 heats of steel X20Crl3 (/% : 0. 17 ~0. 22C, 0. 30 ~0. 80Mn, 0. 10 ~0. 50Si, 0. 30 ~0. 80Ni, 12.5 ~ 14. OCr) 40 mm x 40 mm ~ 80 mm x 80 mm square bar products produced by 6 t EAF + LF + VOD +3 t ESR process at steelworks has been carried out to get the quantitative regression relation between chemical composition and mechanical properties of this steel series：σs=704. 9 + 121. [Ni] -84.9[Mn];σb = 638. 7 + 51. 1 [Ni] -40.5[Mn] + 16. 9 [Cr] ； A=81.8 -24.8 [C] +2.7[Mn] -4. 4[Cr]； Z = 49. 4+47. 5[ C] +4. 8 [Si] +4.3[Ni]； Akv= - 90. 8 - 55. 8 [ Mn] +10.2[Cr] + 154. 1 [ Si]. As the process parameters and size of bar products change, the re-regression analysis should be carried out to revise the equation factors.关键词：EAF-LF - VOD-ESR I艺;X20Cr13钢;力学性能;统计回归分析3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The continuous cooling transformation ( CCT) curves of high carbon alloy steel 75Crl (/% : 0. 75C, 0. 27Si, 0. 85Mn, 0. 010P, 0.003S, 0.60Cr) and the effect of cooling rate on phases and structure of steel are obtained by Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation testing machine to carry out first reduction 25% deformation with deformation rate 15 s"1 at 1 090 °C then with 20 °C/s cooling to 880 °C and second reduction 25% with deformation rate 20 s-1then with 0. 05 〜 45 ℃ /s cooling to ambient temperature. Results show that the critical points of phase transformation Ac1and Ac3are respectively 730 °C and 773 °C ; with cooling rate being lower than 1°C /s the main structure of steel is proeutectoid ferrite and fine pearlite, with cooling rate being 1 〜10 °C/s, the structure of steel is pearlite and bainite; with cooling rate being larger than 10 °C/s the martensite occurs in structure and with increasing cooling rate the amount of martensite increases, and with cooling rate being larger than 18 °C/s the main structure of steel is martensite and has minor bainite.2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of control of 50 t LF refining slag (FeO) , (MnO),/R,( CaO)/[(Al2O3) (SiO2) ] and (S) on [0] index, sulfur partition ratio and Mn/S has been tested and analyzed. Results show that as (FeO + MnO)= 12% , basicity R 1.5 〜2.0, (CaO)/[ (A12O3) (SiO2) ] =1.5 ~2.0, average sulfur partition ratio £s 4.6, Mn/S =4.3 ~4.7, the as-cast inclusions in steel is spheroid I series sulfide and partial along grain-boundary distributed spheroid sulfide, and the B and C series inclusions do not found in rolled products to get better control of oxides inclusions in steel and metallurgy effect of low desulphurization ratio.关键词：硫易切削钢, 精炼渣, FeO, MnO, 夹杂物2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The mineral constitution, crystallizing ratio of phase and microstructure of mold flux films for casting ultralow carbon steel SPHC (0. 020% 〜0.055% C, 70mm slab, mold powder /% ： 33. 14SiO23. 86Al2O33. 88MgO, 31. 52CaO, 8. 27K2O + Na2O, 7. 55F-13. 93C), peritectic steel SS400 (0. 18% ~0. 22% C, 70mm slab, mold powder /% : 29. 62SiO24. 63Al2O32. 05MgO, 35, 86CaO, 10.43K2O + Na2O, 7.55F-13. 93C) and Ti microalloying steel Q345B (0. 15% ~0. 19%C, 0. 04% ~0. 05%Ti, 260 mm slab, mold powder /% : 31. 10Si02, 5. 21Al2O35. 07MgO, 35,46CaO, 6. 22K2O + Na20, 6. 96F-16.96C) at Handan Steel have been systematically analyzed and compared by polarizing microscope. Results show that the alternative structure of “ crystallizing layer-amorphous layer” all occurs in three kinds of flux films from slab side to mold side. In SPHC steel flux film there is 90% ~95% amorphous phase, only minor cuspidine occurs in crystallizing phase, low crystallizing ratio is favourable to lubricate casting slab; in SS400 steel flux film the crystallizing ratio is about 55% - 60% , more cuspidine with partial melilite precipitates that is available to control slab heat transfer； the crystallizing ratio in Ti micro-alloy steel Q345B flux film is little higher than that in SS400 flux film, the precipitated melilite, cuspidine and wollastonite that meet the requirement of lubrication and heat transfer control, and are available to get nice slab quality.关键词：SPHC;SS400; Ti微合金钢Q345B;连铸保护渣;渣膜;矿相结构;邯钢2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The production flowsheet for Ti-Nb Microalloy high strength steel plate is 206 t top and bottom combined blown converter-LF-RH-230 mm slab casting-rolling 3 〜7 mm plate process. Through optimizing the original 0.45 Nh- 0. 015Ti microalloy steel to 0. 070Ti-0. 015Nb microalloy steel has excellent welding and low temperature impact toughness properties and has better comprehensive mechanical properties. Service results show that the 0. 07Ti-0. 015Nb microalloy steel is identical to 0. 045Nb-0. 015Ti microalloy steel, satisfactory to requirement of process and service, while the production cost decreases obviously.关键词：Ti-Nb微合金化;汽车用高强度钢;析出强化2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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