Abstract: 3% Cr roller steel produced by two smelting process routes of the electroslag remelting and the rare earth refining respectively was studied， the chemical composition difference， microstructure， the characteristics of inclusion， as well as mechanical properties for these two roller steels were comparatively investigated by SEM， EDS， ASPEX etc characterization means and experimental methods of electrolysis extraction， tensile， impact tests etc . The results showed that w［Ce］ ≤0.01%， w［Al］ =0.022%， and w［Al］ =0.018% in the rare earth refined roller steel， and the two processes have similar control levels on the impurity elements in the steel. After heat treatment with the same process， there was similar microstructure of the tempered sorbite in these rare earth refining and electroslag remelting roller steel， and microstructure uniformity of roller body made by two processes was almost consistent. The inclusions in the rare earth refined roller steel are mainly ellipsoidal CeAlO₃ and Ce₂O₂S the average size is about 4.17 μm， and the area percentage is about 0.0066%；Meanwhile some irregular Al₂O₃ particles about 3.88 μm in average diameter in the electroslag remelting roller steel were also observed about 0.008 1% in area fraction. Moreover， the yield strength of rare earth refining roller steel were few different from those of the electroslag remelting roller steel. But the elongation， area reduction and impact toughness of the rare earth refining roller steel were higher than those of the electroslag remelting roller steel.

Key words: Roller Steel, Rare Earth Refining, Electroslag Remelting, Non-metallic Inclusion, Mechanical Properties

摘要： 以稀土精炼和电渣重熔两种工艺制备的3%Cr轧辊钢为研究对象，采用SEM、ASPEX等表征手段和电解萃取、拉伸、冲击等实验方法，对比分析了两种轧辊钢的成分差异、显微组织、夹杂物特征，以及力学性能。结果表明，稀土精炼轧辊钢中w［Ce］≤0.01%，w［Al］=0.022%，电渣重熔轧辊钢中w［Al］=0.018%，两种工艺对钢中杂质元素的控制水平相近。经相同工艺热处理后，稀土精炼和电渣重熔轧辊钢的显微组织均为回火索氏体，二者辊身的组织均匀性基本一致。稀土精炼轧辊钢中夹杂物主要为椭球状的CeAlO₃和Ce₂O₂S，平均尺寸约为4.17 μm，面积百分比约为0.0066%；电渣重熔轧辊钢中夹杂物主要为不规则的Al₂O₃，平均尺寸约为3.88 μm，面积百分比约为0.008 1%。而且，稀土精炼轧辊钢的屈服强度和抗拉强度与电渣重熔的相差不大；但是，稀土精炼轧辊钢的伸长率、断面收缩率及冲击功与电渣重熔的相比，均具有较大提升。

关键词: 轧辊钢, 稀土精炼, 电渣重熔, 非金属夹杂物, 力学性能