Analysis of the Types and Distribution of Inclusions in H13 Die Steel Electroslag Ingots

doi:10.20057/j.1003-8620.2024-00083

Abstract

Abstract: The H13 die steel was prepared by 2 t electroslag remelting furnace. Combined with thermodynamic calculation， experimental observation and statistical analysis， the type， size， morphology and distribution of inclusions in H13 die steel in electroslag ingot under a melting rate of 0.12 kg/s were systematically studied. The results show that the main inclusions in H13 die steel are MgO·Al₂O₃ and spherical CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃. During the remelting process of electric slag， MgO·Al₂O₃ inclusion evolves into MgO·Al2O3+CaO·Al₂O₃ mixed type inclusion or class CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃ inclusion. At the same time， a small amount of S will be precipitated with various inclusions as nucleation particles. The precipitated component is mainly CaS， forming CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃ inclusions wrapped by CaS. The size of inclusions in the electroslag ingot is mainly less than 5 μm， 5-10 μm inclusions are less， and only a small amount of inclusions larger than 10 μm exist. The distribution is similar to that of the electrode， but the overall number of inclusions is reduced. The radial distribution shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing， and the enrichment of inclusions occurs near half of the radius.

Key words: Electroslag Remelting, H13 Die Steel, Types of Inclusions, Distribution of Inclusions

摘要： 使用2 t电渣重熔炉进行H13模具钢的制备。结合热力学计算、实验观察与统计分析，系统地研究了熔速为0.12 kg/s条件下H13模具钢在电渣锭中的夹杂物类型、尺寸、形貌以及分布规律。结果表明，H13模具钢中主要的夹杂物类型为MgO·Al2O3和球形的CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃。在电渣重熔过程中，MgO·Al₂O₃夹杂物会演变为MgO·Al₂O₃+CaO·Al₂O₃混合类型夹杂物或者CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃类夹杂物。同时，会有少量的S以各类夹杂物为形核质点进行析出，析出的成分主要为CaS，生成CaS包裹的CaO·MgO·Al₂O₃类夹杂物。在电渣锭中夹杂物尺寸主要以＜5 μm为主，5～＜10 μm的夹杂物较少，≥10 μm的夹杂物仅有少量存在。与电极的分布类似，但总体的夹杂物数量有所减少。径向分布呈现先增加再减少的趋势，在二分之一半径附近出现夹杂物的富集。

关键词: 电渣重熔, H13模具钢, 夹杂物类型, 夹杂物分布

CLC Number:

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TF132

Ni　Zhuowen, Zhu　Hongchun, Li　Huabing, Jiang　Zhouhua, Sun　Zhengxin, He　Zhiyu. Analysis of the Types and Distribution of Inclusions in H13 Die Steel Electroslag Ingots[J]. Special Steel, 2024, 45(6): 48-52.

倪卓文, 朱红春, 李花兵, 姜周华, 孙正鑫, 何志禹. H13模具钢电渣锭中夹杂物的类型以及分布规律分析[J]. 特殊钢, 2024, 45(6): 48-52.

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