最新刊期
卷 43 ， 期 5 ， 2022
- 摘要：The research and application achievements of die casting steel materials in China are introduced.By studying the influence of alloying elements on material properties of die material, a new die casting die steel with low Si, V and Ni, CO and W has been developed. By reducing the content of S in steel, using RE to change the shape of inclusion and optimizing forging process, the isotropic properties of the die-steel can reach more than 90%；To make a comparison between conventional electric slag, gas shielded electric slag and vacuum consumable process remelted three die-casting material, nitrogen in steel is respectively 150×10-690×10-6and 40×10-6oxygen contentin steel is respectively24×10-615×10-6and 6×10-6By ASPEX Explorer metal quality analyzer inclusions index statistics and analysis of three kinds of technology, using vacuum consumable smelting exponential decline in non-metallic inclusions, non-metallic inclusions and no larger than 5 um, material impact performance boost, 7 mm × 10 mm gap impact energy can reach 450 J；To develop high-end die-casting mould material microstructure, the non-notched impact evaluation index standard and specification are established with the development of integrated die casting technology, the future mold material shall develop toward large-scale, super pure, high precision and long life direction.关键词：Die-Casting Mould Steel;Development and Application;Progress384|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Morphology, size and number density of MnS inclusions of F45MnVS non-quenched and tempered steel produced by 120 t LD-LF-RH-240 mm x 240 mm CC process before improvement are analyzed. By adopting improvement measures including ： (1) the aluminum ingots for deoxidation are intermittently added into the molten steel in batches surrounding the impact zone during LD tapping； (2) low carbon and low sulfur ferromanganese without MnS inclusions being employed as alloy materials； and (3) added sulfur wire into the furnace ladle in batches during LF refining. Tlie experimental results show that based on the optimized production processes, the MnS inclusion sizes in steel during the production of LF, RH, Tundish, continuous casting bloom and the rolled products are all effectively reduced. Compared with the routine production processes before improvement, the number density of large scale inclusions (＞5μm) in the position of edge, 1/4 and center of the casting bloom decreases from original 35 , 83 and 51 per mm2to 24, 57 and 39 per mm2after the optimization, respectively. The decrease amplitude reaches 31.43% ,31.33% and 23.53% , respectively. The ratings for the thin and thick inclusions in the steel products after rolling have been improved. The ratio of the inclusions with the length-width ratio in the range of 0-3 to the total inclusions increases from 63.07% before improvement to 71.23% after improvement.关键词：F45MnVS Non-Quenched and Tempered Steel;MnS Inclusion;Process Improvement;Cleanliness2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 3% Si oriented silicon steel containing yttrium is prepared by 50 kg vacuum induction furnace with conventional production process and thin strip casting rolling process, respectively. The casting temperature of thin strip is 1 530 °C with rolling rate 0.3 m/s to 2.5 mm cast strip thickness. The conventional process silicon steel 80 mm cast billet heating temperature is 1 150 °C,hot rolled thickness to 2.4 mm with end rolling temperature 935 ℃.The composition, morphology, quantity, size and distribution of inclusions in steel are studied by scanning-type electron microscope (SEM) and electro-probe microanalyser (EPMA). The microstructure and texture of silicon steel strip, hot rolled plate, 0. 3 mm cold rolled sheet and 870 °C 7 min and 1 100 °C 10 min recrystallzing annealed sheet are analyzed by optical microscope (OM) and electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD). The experimental results show that, compared with the conventional process, the grains of the thin strip cast rolled silicon steel after the first recrystallization are finer and the strength of 7 texture is 17 ； but the grain size is nonuniform after secondary recrystallization heal treatment, the average grain size is 61 μm, and the partial grain size of Goss orientation bigger than 1 mm. The reason is that the amount of fine yttrium inclusions is too large and the distribution is uneven, and the grain growth in the area where the inclusions gather is obviously inhibited. After secondary recrystallization heat treatment process, the grain size of the silicon steel of yttrium bearing produced by conventional process is uniformly and the average grain size is 102 μm, but the Goss texture is not formed.关键词：薄带铸轧;3% Si取向硅钢;织构;夹杂物;钇微合金化3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The numerical simulation and calculation on eight-strand 40 t tundish lining and liquid steel during roasting and casting have been carried out, and the 20CrMnTiH steel 200 mm x 200 mm billet casting process has been tested in situ. The results show that tundish lining is heat up slowly during roasting and warmed rapidly with steel tapping into tundish. Temperature of the out surface of tundish for the third heat reaches to 397 °C and get to heat balance. At end of the 2nd heat, steel temperature at the side and center part of tundish is respectively 5.2、1.5 °C higher than the first heat, and modeling result also shows that steel temperature at center nozzle is 4.8 ℃ higher than that at side nozzle. Actual measuring data for second heat show that steel temperature at center part is 4 ℃ higher than at side position. Modeling results match with the measuring data and it shows that steel temperature distribution get to stable and uniform in tundish at the end of the 2nd heat. When the roasted temperature of tundish lining increases from 900 ℃ to 1 000 ℃, the steel temperature of the first heat reduces slowly and the steel temperature at outlet of nozzle increases a little and the temperature difference between the streams dereases.关键词：Eight-Strand Tundish;Thermal State;Steel Liquid Temperature2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：According to the analysis on 90 mm x 90 mm 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV steel with 540 MPa endurance rupture time less than 100 h produced by vacuum induction furnace smelting + electroslag remelting (Φ600 mm ingot) + forging material process, it is found that insufficient tempered martensite content in the microstructure and uneven carbide precipitation in the martensite lath are the reasons for the low strength and toughness of the steel, which leads to the durability and fracture time of less than 100 h. By decreasing the heating temperature of forging bloom from 1 130-1 150 °C to 1 000-1 020 °C , and changing forging method for 90 mm x 90 mm steel bar from once heating-forging to double heating-foring to ensure the end forging temperature >900 °C , and decreasing the tempering temperature of the durability test specimen from 660-680 °C to 600-620 °C , the fracture time of 540 MPa durability of 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV steel is increased from 36-37 h to 146-148 h.关键词：Durability Performance;Martensitic Structure;Carbide;Tempering Temperature;Final Forging Temperature2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Based on 200 t BOF-LF-RH-CC slab metallurgical process to produce 10CrNi3Mo steel, silicon-calcium cored wire and calcium-magnesium composite cored wire are injected respectively into liquid steel to modify inclusions, and the slabs are rolled to 35 mm plates with 4 300 mm heavy plate rolling mill then to carried out heat treatment. The inclusions of test steel are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by means of SPEED, SEM & EDS and INCA etc. The obtained main performance is that the number of inclusions per unit area is reduced by about 40% and the average distance is nearly doubled after modification. Combined with the Charpy impact test results, it is concluded that the inclusion deformation treatment is obviously improve to the impact toughness, especially the low-temperature impact toughness.关键词：200 t BOF-LF-RH-Slab Cast Process;10CrNi3Mo Steel;Inclusion;Modification Treatment;Impact Toughness2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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Forming Reason and Process Improvement of Seab Defects Rolled Boron-bearing Cold Heading Steel 10B21
摘要：Through experiments and thermodynamic analysis, it is obtained that the main cause of the scab forming of rolled 10B21 steel is the average nitrogen content in steel being 127 x 10-6lead to the precipitation of fine BN and AIN inclusions at the austenite grain boundary at the comer of cast billet during cooling, increasing the crack sensitivity of the billet and forming the billet crack, the nitrogen content in steel can be stably controlled below 50 x 10-6by increasing the consumption of molten iron ≥ 920 kg/t, increasing the C-T-P ( Carbon-Temperature-Phosphorus) hit rate ≥ 85% at the end of die converter, discharging steel from the outlet round, healing number of times of LF ≤ 3 time, and ≤ 25 minutes casting. It can effectively prevent wire rod scarring of 10B21 steel after rolling to improve the yield of rolled steel and to reduce the production cost.关键词：Cold Heading Steel 10B21;Coil;Rolled Scarring;BN;AIN3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21 - 摘要：The central crack ratio of the Φ600 mm 50CrMo steel continuous casting round bloom produced by 90 t LD-LF- VD-CC flow sheet at steel plant reaches up to 30% . It is obtained by analysis that the central cracks of the continuous casting round bloom all appear on the inner arc side. The main reason is that developed columnar crystal of the steel, the inner arc columnar crystals basically extend to the center of the round bloom, leading to the round bloom center cracking and expanding to the inner arc side during straightening. By increasing the electromagnetic stirring current of the crystallizer from 260 A to 400 A, the superheat of the tundish liquid reducing from 30-50 to 15-30 ℃ , and the casting speed lowering from 0.34 m/min to 0.28 m/min, and the accuracy of the roller table of the tension leveling machine reducing from 0.40-1.00 mm to below 0.20 mm, etc, the center crack of the Φ600 mm 50CrMo steel continuous casting round bloom is completely eliminated.关键词：50CrMo Steel;Continuous Casting Round Bloom;Columnar Crystal;Electromagnetic Stirring;Superheat;Center Crack3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：After shot blasting of 430 steel cast slab, the original scale and residual mould fluxes on the surface of casting slab can be removed, and the vibration mark depth of casting slab can be reduced by 0.13 mm. After the shot-blasting, the slab is heated by a heating furnace, there is an obvious interface between the iron scale and the substrate, which is easy to remove during hot rolling and pickling to avoid the defects of rough stripes on the surface of the cold plate caused by slag inclusion and oxidation residue, as a result show that the surface roughness of pickling plate decreased from 3.15 μm to 2.78 μm, and that of cold plate decreases from 0. 047 μm to 0.041 μm, surface quality of cold rolled plate in casting slab shot blasted shows that it is close to the slab grinding process. Shot blasting process of 430 stainless steel billet can replace grinding process.关键词：Casting Slab Shot Blasting;430 Ferritic Stainless Steel;Surface Quality;Roughness2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The 45Mn2R steel Φ40-50 mm rolled product is developed by ≥ 40% hot metal- 50 t EAF-LF-VD-180 mm x 220 mm cast billet-rolling flow sheet. The cleanliness and casting ability are improved by controlling EAF end [C] ≥ 0.10% ,[P] ≤ 0.015% , tapping temperature 1 620-1 660 °C , preliminay deoxidation using " recaburizing agent + (15%Ca-12%Al-45%Si) compound deoxidation reagent + (50%CaO-34%A12O3-4%MgO) synthetic slag" during tapping, S content in metal ≤ 0.010% before Ca treatment, feeding S wire after Ca treatment for 20 min, soft blowing for 20 min after VD etc process measure. Results show that produced 45Mn2R steel (/% : 0.43-0.46C, 0.22-0.27Si, 0.009-0.017P, 0.065-0.086S, 0.32-0.36Cr, 0.003-0.010Ti, 0.013-0.034AIs) has better comprehensive properties to meet user requirement.关键词：45Mn2R Sulfur Free-Cutting Steel;≥ 40% Hot Metal-50 t EAF-LF-VD-CC Flowsheet;Sulphide Control;Cleanliness2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：By comparison and analysis on the chemical composition, production process and inspection qualification rate of 中 130-150 mm hot rolled bar of H13 steel and H11 steel, it is pointed out that average vanadium content in steel increasing from 0.5% to 1.0% is the key factor leading to inspection disqualification of steel bar. According to the results of defect analysis and the macrostructure of ①380 min CC bloom, it is concluded that the reason of low qualification rate of H13 steel flaw detection is that the center shrinkage hole of CC billets is not welded in rolling process. By improving the continuous casting process and rolling cogging-down process, including cast speed increasing from 0.58 m/min to 0.65 m/min, improving S-EMS from 650 A, 5 Hz to 200 A, 8 Hz, in cogging-down process increasing reduction at 6, 8 and 9 pass from original -60 mm to 70 ~85 mm, change bloom size from Φ380 mm to Φ500 mm, the qualification rate of Φ130 mm H13 steel bar increases from about 50% to 99. 8% , and that of 0150 mm H13 steel bar from original 15.5% to 97.2%.关键词：H13 Steel;H11 Steel;Hot Rolled Bar;Qualified Rate of Flaw Detection;Vanadium;Continuous Casting Process;Rolling Cogging-down2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：Facing the quality problems of transverse surface crack at the comer of 150 mm x 150 mm continuous casting billet of 60Si2Mn spring steel(/% ：0.56-0.64C, 1.50-2.00Si,0.70-1.00Mn, ≤0.025P, ≤0.020S) , the transverse surface crack defects at the comer of casting billet are analyzed by metallographic microscope and SEM and it is carrying out test comparison. The result indicates that the defect is caused by the large drag force of the large taper of crystallizer copper tube and the poor lubrication effect of shielding flux and the uneven secondary cooling. By reducing the mold steel tube taper from 2.2 mm to 1.6 mm and the melting temperature of protective slag from 1 182 °C to 1 072 °C and its viscosity from 0.76 Pa·s to 0.52 Pa·s and the secondary specific water from 0.45 L/kg to 0.32 L/kg,to reduce the drag of casting billet in copper tube and improve the cooling heat transfer of the mold, the cooling effect of the secondary cooling section and the cooling uniformity of casting billet, the defects of casting billet have been effective controlled, and the qualified pass rate for casting billet surface defect detection increases from 35% to 92%.关键词：60Si2Mn Spring Steel;150 mm x 150 mm Casting Billet;Surface Crack;Crystallizer Copper Tube;Mold Shielding Flux;Secondary Cooling3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In response to the problem of coarse slag-bonding rim in 430 stainless steel production process t the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of the mold powder and slag-bonding rim are compared and analyzed using ICP- OES, hemispherical point melting point meter, viscometer and other equipment, and the microstructure of the slag-bonding rim is observed through the electronic probe to explore the mechanism of slag rim formation and growth. It is found that except C content of slag-bonding rim being 0.53% and C content original mold powder being 2.87% , the composition of the slag-bonding rim and the original mold powder is not much different, but viscosity and melting point are reduced, about 70% of the area of the slag rim consists of the sintered phase, the remaining 30% is the crystalline phase, mainly composed of cuspidine and melilite. The sintered phase of a large number of bonding become a main reason for the formation and growth of the slag rim. Increasing the proportion of pre-melt material to 70%-80% and the content of carbon black in the mold flux ^2% , and further stabilizing the melting process of the mold powder in production, can effectively inhibit the growth of the slag rim.关键词：430 Stainless Steel;Mold Powder;Slag Rim;Microstructure;Mechanism of Formation;Measures3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：17-7PH precipitation hardening stainless steel consumable electrode is prepared by 35 t electric arc furnace- AOD decarbonization- LF refining- ingot casting process, and 2 t electroslag ingot is obtained by gas shielded electroslag furnace. The change law of inclusion number, size and composition in 17-7PH steel before and after electroslag remelting are analyzed by ASPEX scanning electron microscope, and the morphology and type of inclusions in steel is further observed by SEM-EDS. The experimental results show that, after electroslag remelting, the oxygen content decreases from 6.6 x 10-6to 5.7 x 10-6and the nitrogen content decreases from 200 x 10-6to 180 x 10-6. The types of inclusions don't change before and after remelting, but the total number of inclusions decreases significantly, especially the number and size of large particle inclusions decrease significantly. The total inclusions in electroslag ingot are mainly AIN inclusions, which are large in size and most in quantity. In order to improve the cleanliness of 17-7PH steel electroslag ingot , it is necessary to reduce the nitrogen content of consumable electrode as much as possible, so as to reduce the formation of AIN inclusions formed during electroslag remelting.关键词：17-7PH Stainless Steel;Electroslag Remelting;Inclusion;AIN4|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The continuous cooling transformation ( CCT) curve, microstructure and mechanical properties of Q500qE low yield ratio high strength steel 60 mm thickness plate have been studied by JMatpro software, scanning electron microscope and mechanical property tests. The results show that by control rolling and control cooling process: the final rolling temperature 800-840 °C , the into water temperature 660-680 X. and the final cooling temperature 400-450 °C, the microstnicture of steel is composed of ferrite , bainite and MA( martenite/austenite) island, and many large angle grain boundaries exist in junction of two phases and in bainite. The properties of the steel at 1/4 and 1/2 thickness are yield ratio 0.78-0.79, yield strength ≥500 MPa, tensile strength ≥640 MPa, charpy impact energy of 1/2 thickness at -40 °C ≥ 200 J, for HAZ charpy impact test at -40 °C, the charpy impact energy of HAZ ≥100 J.关键词：Low Yield Ratio;Multi-Phases Microstructure;Q500qE High Strength Steel;60 mm Thickness Plate2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The properties of Q960E steel 70 mm plate quenched at 890-920°Cand tempered at 560-600 °C are tested, and the microstructure of Q960E steel is analyzed by metallographic microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) . The results show that the strength toughness matching of the steel plate is the best when quenching at 920 ℃ and tempering at 560 °C (UTS 1 048 MPa,YS 1 005 MPa, e1.14% and -40 °C KV252-61 J), the performance distribution of the steel plate in the full thickness direction is relatively uniform, and the hardness value is 27.5-33HRC, the microstructure from the surface to the center is tempered sorbite and residual austenite.关键词：Q960E钢;70 mm板;调质;组织;性能2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：In view of the unstable impact energy of 30CrNiMo (/% ：0.30C, 0.85Mn, 0.25Si, 0.015P, 0.008S, 0.96Cr, 0.43Mo, 0.78Ni, 0.025Al) high strength quenched and tempered steel bar, normalizing (870-910 ℃)and austenitizing ( 830-870 °C ) temperature two-factor and three-level DOE test design scheme are used to quickly find die best process combination for improving impact energy. The results show that the higher the normalizing temperature, the bigger the grain size after being normalized and quenched, and the smaller the impact energy in steel 30CrNiMo. The Minitab tool is used to make the fitting formula of impact energy response to grain size： 21 °C longitudinal impact energy (J) = 27.11 +7.751 x grain size (grade). The optimum process combination for 30CrNiMo steel is normalizing at 870 °C + austenitizing at 850 °C. Its impact energy is 106 J.关键词：DOE;Two-Factor;Three-Level;Quenching and Tempering Bar;Impact Energy;Grain Size3|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effect of solid solution treatment at 900 ~ 1 190 °C on the corrosion performance of as-cast 2101 duplex steel (/%：0.02C，0.69Si,5.00Mn，0.001 5S，0. 022P，21.42Cr, 1.66Ni，0. 31Mo，0. 48Cu，0. 25N) has been investigated by electrochemical corrosion experiments. EIS impedance spectra, equivalent circuit polarization resistance values, and Tafel curves show that at the saine solid solution temperature, the longer the solid solution time, the better the corrosion resistance of steel. From the electron micrographs of structure morphology and the determination of the [-phase area ratio and grain size in the steel, it is obtained that the [-phase area ratio and the number of y grains per unit area increase early and then decrease with increasing solid solution temperature for 30 min and 2 h, and the structure is the densest at 970 °C , and the structure is denser after 2 h of solid solution than that after 30 min of solid solution. 2101 duplex stainless steel corrosion resistance is better as higher dense of structure and less precipitated nitrides. The optimum solid-solution of the steel is at 970 °C for 2 h.关键词：2101 Duplex Stainless Steel;Solution Treatment;Microstructure;Electrochemical Corrosion2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
- 摘要：The effects of hot-rolled three-stage cooling and temper-rolling processes on mechanical properties of 2.3 mm 700 MPa grade Nb-Ti micro-alloying S600MC high strength steel strip (/% : 0.07C, 0.15Si, 1.50Mn, 0.015P, 0.003S, 0.025Alt, 0.015Nb, 0.08Ti) are studied. When end rolling at 870 as intermediate temperature decreasing from 670 X. to 580 °C , the yield strength increases from 577 MPa to 600 MPa, the tensile strength basically remaines unchanged (774 MPa to 784 MPa) , the elongation decreases from 24% to 21% , and the yield ratio increases by 0.04. When the coiling temperature increases from 150 °C to 250 °C , the mechanical properties remain unchanged. The yield strength of high strength steel with primary temper-rolling process increases by 20 MPa to 43 MPa, while the tensile strength changes slightly and the elongation decreases by 2-5 percentage point. The yield strength increases by the secondary temper-rolling process significantly to 101 MPa, while the elongation decreases by 8 percentage point, which is adverse to comprehensive properties.关键词：S600MC High Strength Steel;Three-Stage Cooling Process;Temper-Rolling Process;Mechanical Properties2|0|0更新时间：2026-01-21
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